2006-12-31-世界卫生组织-2007_GSHS_Country_Report_Mauritius_70页_592kb

Summary of the Mauritius and Rodrigues Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2007)

Survey Overview

• Purpose: To assess health behaviors, risk factors, and protective factors among students aged 13–15 years, focusing on violence, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol use, drug abuse, and injuries.
• Sampling: Two-stage cluster sampling design in 24 schools in Mauritius and 5 schools in Rodrigues. High response rates achieved (88–90%).
• Key Stakeholders: Collaboration between Ministries of Health and Education, WHO, and schools.

Key Findings

Violence and Unintentional Injury

• Mauritius: 31.2% of students fought on school grounds, 27.4% were physically attacked, and 40.9% reported bullying. High rates of serious injuries (52.9%) were linked to accidents and sports.
• Rodrigues: Similar trends, but lower bullying and violence rates. However, alcohol misuse was higher.
• Conclusion: Violence and injuries are prevalent issues, particularly among males.

Physical Activity

• Findings: Only 13% of Mauritius and 10% of Rodrigues students met daily physical activity recommendations. Most engaged in sedentary activities for over 3 hours daily.
• Conclusion: Insufficient physical activity contributes to long-term health risks. PE classes and accessible sports programs are critical.

Tobacco Use

• Mauritius: 16.5% smoked cigarettes; 69% initiated smoking by age 13.
• Rodrigues: 12.5% smoked cigarettes, but cessation attempts were higher (82% tried to quit).
• Associations: Early smoking often coincided with early alcohol use. Environmental smoke exposure was widespread.

Alcohol and Drug Use

• Mauritius: 20.8% consumed alcohol; 63% started before age 14.
• Rodrigues: 24.4% consumed alcohol; higher rates of drunkenness and early initiation (75% started before 14).
• Drug Use: 6.4% reported lifetime drug use in Mauritius, varying in Rodrigues.
• Conclusion: Early initiation and risky consumption patterns are concerns, especially in Rodrigues.

Protective Factors

• Truancy and Support: 21% of Mauritius and 17% of Rodrigues students missed school without permission. Parental support, monitoring, and peer kindness were lacking.
• Chikungunya: High awareness (74.8% in Mauritius) but limited behavioral changes.

Recommendations

1. Interministerial Collaboration: Strengthen health promotion programs through collaboration between Ministries of Health and Education.
2. School-Based Interventions: Increase PE classes, provide counseling services, and integrate health education into curricula.
3. Anti-Smoking and Alcohol Campaigns: Use media literacy and enforce laws against sales to minors.
4. Community Engagement: Educate parents and guardians on adolescent behaviors and home support.
5. Surveillance: Repeat the GSHS every 3 years to track progress.
6. Chikungunya Prevention: Enhance awareness and hygiene education campaigns.

This survey provides a baseline for targeted interventions to promote adolescent health, reduce risky behaviors, and support policy development.