BLS-2017年美国消费者支出调查报告（英文）-2019.6-58页_7mb

2017 Consumer Expenditures Summary

Core Content

This report presents data from the 2017 Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CE), including the average expenditures, income, and characteristics of consumer units (CUs) categorized by income, age, size, and other demographic factors. It also outlines expenditure changes and patterns for 2017, comparing them to previous years.

Main Points

• Overall Spending Increase: Consumer spending increased by 4.8% in 2017, following a 2.4% increase in 2016. The average annual expenditures for all CUs rose from $57,311 in 2016 to $60,060 in 2017.
• Income Decline: Average income before taxes decreased by 1.5%, from $74,664 in 2016 to $73,573 in 2017.
• Price Increase: Prices, as measured by the CPI-U, increased by 2.1% in 2017, which was lower than the 4.8% increase in spending.

Major Expenditure Categories

• 10 out of 14 major categories saw increases in 2017:
  • Food, alcoholic beverages, housing, transportation, healthcare, personal care products and services, education, and entertainment all increased.
  • The increases ranged from 5.3% to 15.3% for these categories.
• Declines were observed in:
  • Personal insurance and pensions (0.9%)
  • Tobacco products and smoking supplies (10.0%)
  • Reading (6.8%)
  • Cash contributions (10.0%)

Expenditure Shares

• Housing remained the largest component of overall expenditures, accounting for 33.1% of total spending in 2017.
• Transportation and Food followed, with shares of 15.9% and 12.9%, respectively.
• Notable changes:
  • Personal insurance and pensions decreased from 11.9% to 11.3%.
  • Vehicle purchases increased to 6.7% of total expenditures, while public and other transportation increased to 1.2%.
  • Gasoline and motor oil share remained stable at 3.3%.
  • Food expenditures increased by 0.3 percentage points, with food at home and food away from home both showing growth.

Housing Expenditures

• Housing expenditures increased by 5.3%, driven mainly by:
  • Shelter (up 6.9%)
  • Owned dwellings (up 10.4%)
• Homeownership rate increased slightly in 2017 to 63%, up from 62% in 2016, but still 5 percentage points below the 2004 peak.

Food Expenditures by Income Quintile

• All quintiles saw an increase in food expenditures in 2017.
• The second and third quintiles had the largest percentage increases:
  • Second quintile: 13.9%
  • Third quintile: 13.4%
• First, fourth, and fifth quintiles had more modest increases, ranging from 3.8% to 5.4%.
• Food at home and food away from home both increased for all quintiles.

Generation Differences in Food Spending

• Younger generations (born in 1981 or later) spent 53% of their food expenditures on food at home.
• Older generations (born between 1928 and 1945) spent 61% on food at home.

Income Quintile Breakdown

• Average annual expenditures for all quintiles increased in 2017.
• Highest quintile had the highest average annual expenditures of $116,988, while the lowest quintile had $26,019.
• Consumer unit characteristics varied by income quintile:
  • Age of reference person was highest in the lowest quintile (54.0 years).
  • Percent homeowner ranged from 41% (lowest quintile) to 86% (highest quintile).
  • Average number of people per unit increased with higher income quintiles.

Key Tables and Charts

• Table A: Provides detailed data on average annual expenditures and percent changes across multiple years.
• Table B: Shows the percentage distribution of total expenditures by major category from 2014 to 2017.
• Chart 1: Visualizes the percentage of total expenditures for select categories.
• Chart 2: Displays homeownership rates from 2000 to 2017.
• Chart 3: Compares the percentage change in gasoline expenditures and CPI-U prices.
• Chart 4: Highlights the percent change in average annual expenditures by income quintile from 2012 to 2017.
• Chart 5: Illustrates the proportion of food expenditures on food at home and away from home by generation.

Notes

• A consumer unit is defined as a group of individuals living together who share financial responsibilities.
• The data is sourced from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
• The Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) is used to measure price changes, with a base period of 1982-1984 = 100.