icct-2020、2021年欧洲汽车市场统计（英文）-2021.1-55页_3mb

报告摘要

Summary of European Vehicle Market Statistics (2020/21)

Core Content

This document provides an overview of the European vehicle market from 2001 to 2019, with a focus on passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, and heavy-duty vehicles. It highlights trends in vehicle numbers, fuel consumption, CO₂ emissions, and the adoption of new technologies. The report also discusses regulatory developments and their impact on the market.

Main Points

1. Number of Vehicles

In 2019, 15.5 million new passenger cars were registered in the EU, a slight increase from 2018.
The UK experienced a 2% decline in sales due to Brexit-related uncertainty.
SUVs saw the strongest growth, with 5.7 million units sold in 2019, 10 times the number from 2001.
The VW Golf was the most popular car model in the EU, accounting for 2.1% of total sales.
Heavy-duty vehicles (trucks and buses over 3.5 tons) totaled 430,000 in 2019.
The truck market in the EU is dominated by five manufacturers, representing nearly 100% of sales.

2. Fuel Consumption and CO₂ Emissions

The average CO₂ emissions for new passenger cars in the EU increased to 122 g/km in 2019 under the NEDC test cycle.
CO₂ emissions and fuel consumption are directly linked, with a fleet-wide average of 5 liters/100 km.
The 2020/21 CO₂ target for passenger cars is 95 g/km, and for heavy-duty vehicles, it is 15% reduction by 2025 and 30% by 2030.
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have CO₂ levels around 50 g/km in lab tests, but real-world performance is 2-4 times higher.
Electric vehicles (EVs) saw a significant rise in market share, reaching 11% by August 2020, driven by the 2020 EU-wide CO₂ standard and national recovery packages.

3. Technologies and Key Parameters

The majority of new cars in Europe are powered by gasoline or diesel.
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) made up 4% of new car sales in 2019, with Finland recording the highest share at 11%.
Toyota leads in HEV sales, with 60% of its new vehicles in the EU being hybrid electric.
PHEVs and BEVs accounted for 3% of new vehicle registrations in 2019, with Sweden and Netherlands showing notable growth.
Electric vehicle market share in the Netherlands reached 14%, while Renault had 4% of BEV sales.
The average engine power increased to 102 kW in 2019, up 37% from 2001.
The average vehicle mass in the EU remained at 1,415 kg, 12% higher than in 2001, with Germany and Sweden having the heaviest average vehicle masses.

4. Other Emissions and On-Road Performance

The Real Driving Emissions (RDE) test was introduced in 2017, allowing for higher emissions during on-road testing than in the lab.
NOₓ emissions for diesel vehicles could be up to 168 mg/km under RDE, compared to 80 mg/km in lab tests.
WLTP test cycle became mandatory in 2018, leading to more accurate CO₂ values closer to real-world performance.
CO₂ data availability is limited in some countries, including Spain and Volkswagen, which affects the reliability of certain statistics.

Key Information

Diesel market share dropped from 55% in 2011-2012 to 31% in 2019, largely due to consumer distrust and diesel bans in urban areas.
Electric vehicle market share in urban regions of Norway, Sweden, UK, and Netherlands was notably higher than in rural areas.
Regulatory changes are expected in mid-2021, aiming to align CO₂ targets with the EU's 2030 climate goals.
CO₂ emissions for new cars have decreased by 28% since 2001, but vehicle weight and engine power have increased, indicating a need for continued efficiency improvements.