联邦德国政府的航空战略（英文版）_39页-1mb

Aviation Strategy of the Federal German Government Summary

Core Content

The Aviation Strategy of the Federal German Government outlines Germany's vision and approach to maintaining and enhancing its position in the global aviation industry. The strategy emphasizes the importance of aviation as a strategic industry for Germany, focusing on innovation, research, and sustainability to support its economic growth and environmental responsibility.

Main Points

I. Aviation - Industry of the Future with Special Conditions

• Strategic Role: Aviation is a key industry for Germany due to its technological and economic significance, contributing to employment, prosperity, and competitiveness.
• Growth Expectations: Air traffic is expected to double in the next 20 years, with a significant increase in demand for commercial aircraft. Airbus forecasts a demand for over 28,000 new large commercial aircraft from 2012 to 2031.
• Technological Complexity: The industry is highly complex, with long research, design, and product cycles, and high marginal costs for innovation.
• Environmental Impact: Aviation contributes to climate change through emissions of CO₂, NOₓ, and water vapour. It is estimated that global air traffic accounts for about 2.5% of all anthropogenic CO₂ emissions.
• Technological Spillovers: Innovations in aviation have a broad impact on other industries, such as automotive and materials technology, especially in areas like lightweight construction and electric vehicle development.

II. Guiding Principle and Framework for the Federal Government's Aviation Policy

• Two Key Objectives:
  1. To ensure a viable air transport system that is efficient, safe, and environmentally clean.
  2. To create a framework for an internationally competitive aviation industry in Germany, enabling it to maintain its global position through innovation and high-tech products.

III. Aviation in Germany - Strengths, Opportunities, and Challenges

• Civil Aviation Industry:

  • Prime Contractors: Airbus Group is a key player in the European civil aviation sector.
  • Parts Supply Industry: Germany has a strong parts supply industry, with companies like MTU Aero Engines and Rolls-Royce.
  • Engine Industry: German engine manufacturers are at the forefront of innovation.
  • Maintenance and Repair: The MRO (Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul) industry is vital for the sector.
  • General Aviation: A growing segment with potential for further development.

• Research Landscape:

  • Germany's research institutions and industry partners are crucial for technological advancement.
  • The German Aerospace Centre (DLR) plays a central role in aviation research.

• Air Transport Industry:

  • The industry is highly competitive, with Boeing and Airbus dominating the market for large commercial aircraft.
  • The Single European Sky initiative is advocated to improve air traffic management and reduce emissions.

• Military Aviation:

  • Germany is committed to maintaining a sustainable and modern military aviation sector.

IV. From Guiding Principle to Reality - Fields of Activity and Measures

• Global Pioneering Role: Germany aims to lead in developing a clean, safe, and efficient air transport system.

• Research and Development:

  • Investment in R&D is essential for innovation.
  • The Federal Government's Aviation Research Programme (LuFo) supports research initiatives.
  • EU programmes like Horizon 2020 are also key to advancing aviation technology.

• Securing Talent: The strategy includes measures to attract and retain highly qualified junior personnel in research, development, and production.

• Market Access and Competitiveness:

  • Encouraging participation in international aircraft programs.
  • Promoting international fair competition through binding agreements and regulations.

• Environmental Measures:

  • Advocating for internationally binding CO₂ thresholds to ensure sustainable growth.
  • Supporting the ICAO's Balanced Approach to reduce noise and emissions through technological and operational improvements.

V. Specific Instruments to Implement the Aviation Strategy

• Research:

  • Support for basic research and intersectoral innovation projects.
  • The Research Advisory Board for DLR and Technology Roadmap guide aviation research.

• Market Access:

  • Providing loans for development costs in international programs.
  • Establishing a Private Equity Capital Fund to support innovation.

• Evaluation:

  • Continuous monitoring and assessment of the industry's progress towards strategic goals.

Key Information

• Germany's aviation industry is a major employer, supporting around 850,000 jobs.
• The aviation research and development intensity is 12% of turnover, highlighting its innovation-driven nature.
• The Federal Government supports the aviation industry through long-term instruments like the Aviation Research Programme (LuFo) and loans.
• International competition is increasing, with Asia and the Middle East emerging as key players.
• Environmental sustainability is a central focus, with efforts to reduce emissions and noise pollution.
• The Single European Sky is promoted to enhance air traffic management and reduce environmental impact.

Conclusion

The German government's Aviation Strategy is designed to ensure the country remains a global technological leader in the aviation sector, while addressing environmental concerns and market competition. It emphasizes research, innovation, and sustainable development, and supports the aviation industry through policy frameworks, financial instruments, and international cooperation.