2021-11-16-世界卫生组织-Cervical_cancer_China_2021_country_profile_1页_64kb

CHINA CERVICAL CANCER PROFILE SUMMARY

Morbidity and Mortality

• Cervical Cancer Incidence (2020): Crude incidence rate of 15.6 per 100,000 women. Age-standardized incidence rate of 10.7 per 100,000 women.
• Cumulative Risk (2020): There is a 1.1% risk of developing cervical cancer among women aged 0-74.
• Cervical Cancer Deaths (2019): Approximately 4,134,000 deaths occurred in 2019.
• Mortality-to-Incidence Ratio (2020): Ratio of 0.54 deaths per new case.
• Cancer Registry: A population-based cancer registry exists (as of 2021).

Primary Prevention (HPV Vaccination)

• Coverage (2020): HPV vaccination programme coverage among girls is reported as 2%. Coverage among girls aged 9-14 years at last dose is estimated at 20%.
• Programme Details: HPV vaccination is not included in the national immunization schedule. The scale of the programme and year of introduction are not specified.
• Target Cohorts: No specific primary target cohort mentioned.
• Risk Factors: Data were not available.
• Tobacco Use: Prevalence among women aged 15+ years is not reported.
• Condom Use: Data not available for the last high-risk sex.
• HIV: No HIV incidence data provided.

Secondary Prevention (Screening)

• National Screening Programme: No national programme exists for cervical cancer (as of 2021).
• Screening Test: Cytology is used for primary screening.
• Target Age Range: Not specified for the screening programme (as of 2021).
• Early Detection: No programme or guidelines exist to strengthen early detection at primary health care level (as of 2021).
• Referral System: No clearly defined referral system exists from primary to secondary/tertiary care (as of 2021).

Treatment and Supportive Care

• Guidelines: National guidelines for cervical cancer management exist (as of 2021).
• Radiotherapy: 684 radiotherapy units available. Radiotherapy capacity is low, with fewer than one unit per 10,000 cancer patients.
• Brachytherapy: 282 brachytherapy units available (infrequent use).
• Medical Staff: Limited availability of specialized staff.
  • Radiation oncologists: 2 per million population (as of 2019).
  • Medical physicists: 0.5 per million (2019).
  • Surgeons: 5 per million (2012).
  • Radiologists: 12 per million (2019).
  • Nuclear Medicine Physicians: 0.2 per million (2019).
• Cancer Centers: Cancer centers or departments exist at tertiary hospitals.
• Palliative Care: Not equipped to handle cancer care within the national public health system.
• Opioid Consumption: Data not available.

WHO Targets

• The country has set targets aligned with the WHO strategy for cervical cancer elimination by 2030.
• Immunization, Screening, Diagnosis & Staging, Treatment, Palliative Care, & Follow-Up: Not fully met, with gaps in HPV vaccination, screening infrastructure, and specialized medical resources.

Data Status

• Some data are based on estimates or ranges and should be interpreted cautiously.
• Existing or upcoming HPV vaccination programmes appear limited to specific cities or pilot projects, not nationwide.
• National screening or early detection programmes for cervical cancer are not established, limiting early intervention capabilities and effective treatment.