2021-08-31-哈德逊研究所-应对中国挑战_联盟如何加强印太地区的安全合作（英）_52页_1mb

Visions of Order in the Indo-Pacific

The report examines the evolving security framework in the Indo-Pacific region, focusing on the United States, Japan, and Australia. It explores how regional actors, primarily through alliances, are responding to China's rise and maintaining a rules-based order. Key themes include the multi-faceted challenges posed by China, the importance of alliances in sustaining stability, and policy recommendations for strengthening the international order.

Shared Visions of Order

• United States, Japan, and Australia advocate for a rules-based, democratic, and market-oriented Indo-Pacific, emphasizing freedom, human rights, and the rule of law.
• China promotes an alternative vision centered on its regional dominance, including through the Belt and Road Initiative and a multilateral Asian security concept.
• India and ASEAN emphasize inclusiveness and ASEAN centrality, pushing back against Chinese assertiveness through diplomacy.
• Elements like freedom of navigation, infrastructure development, and economic cooperation are central to sustaining the order.

US-China Strategic Shift

• From the Cold War to the Trump administration, US policy shifted from engagement to competition, marked by the Rebalance (pivot) strategy and the Free and Open Indo-Pacific concept.
• China's economic growth and assertive actions, such as South China Sea militarization, challenge the existing international order.
• US initiatives include FONOPs, defense partnerships, and trade policies to counter China, while allies play a crucial role in reinforcing the rules-based system.

Regional Responses to China

• Japan and Australia enhance defense cooperation, infrastructure projects, and alliances to counter coercive Chinese behaviors.
• BRI rivalry drives efforts to promote high-quality, transparent infrastructure through networks like the Blue Dot Network.
• Australia and New Zealand express concerns about China's growing influence, but maintain engagement due to economic interdependence.

Policy Recommendations

• Strengthen alliances and reaffirm shared values to support a balance of power.
• Challenge China's disregard for international law through diplomacy and multilateral agreements.
• Participate in reformed trade institutions like the CPTPP and advocate for rules-based commercial order.
• Increase engagement with international institutions, including addressing territorial issues like the South China Sea.