联合国粮农组织-国际植物健康年——最终报告（英）-2021-64页_11mb

Summary of the International Year of Plant Health (IYPH) 2020 Final Report

Core Content

The International Year of Plant Health (IYPH) 2020 was a global initiative aimed at raising awareness about the critical role of plant health in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The IYPH was declared by the United Nations General Assembly in December 2018 and officially implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) in collaboration with various stakeholders.

Plant health is essential for food security, poverty reduction, environmental protection, and economic development. It is estimated that plant pests cause up to 40% of global food crop losses annually, with trade losses exceeding USD 220 billion. Plants contribute to over 80% of the food we consume and 98% of the oxygen we breathe, making their health a cornerstone of life on Earth.

The IYPH focused on promoting sustainable practices, enhancing global cooperation, and developing new strategies to combat plant pests and diseases. It also highlighted the importance of protecting biodiversity and the environment, as well as the need for investment in plant health capacity development, research, and outreach.

Main Objectives

• To raise awareness of plant health among the public and political decision-makers globally.
• To encourage stakeholders to contribute to the global fight against plant pests and adopt internationally recognized standards and sustainable plant protection practices.
• To increase understanding of the role of plant health in achieving the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda.
• To educate the general public and improve their knowledge of plant health and the state of plant protection worldwide.
• To enhance dialogue and stakeholder involvement in plant health initiatives.
• To promote and strengthen national, regional, and global plant health efforts in response to increasing trade and new pest risks.
• To facilitate the establishment of plant health partnerships at all levels.

Key Achievements

• The IYPH campaign reached over 473 million social media accounts and potentially 4.4 billion readers between September 2019 and July 2021.
• Over 680 events were held in 86 countries, showcasing the global reach and impact of the initiative.
• 45 partners supported the IYPH, including international organizations, governments, and private-sector entities.
• The IYPH logo was created in 33 languages, and the IYPH Activity Book was translated into 14 languages to engage children in learning about plant health.
• 29 postage stamps and 3 coins were issued to commemorate the IYPH.
• 26 youth groups contributed to the drafting of the IYPH Youth Declaration, emphasizing the role of young people in promoting plant health.
• 3 internationally recognized advocates helped spread the key messages of the IYPH across the globe.

Key Outputs

3.1 IYPH Content and Products

• A campaign website was launched, available in all official United Nations languages, providing information and resources for stakeholders.
• The IYPH Activity Book for Children was developed to educate the next generation on plant health.
• Postage stamps and coins were issued to raise awareness and celebrate the IYPH globally.

3.2 IYPH Events and Initiatives

• The IYPH Opening Ceremony was held in December 2019 at FAO headquarters.
• A high-level launch event for the FAO Scientific Review on the impact of climate change on plant pests took place in June 2021.
• Several webinars were organized, including one on Food Systems and Plant Health and another on Climate Change, Plant Health and Biodiversity, each attracting over 200 participants.
• The IYPH Closing Ceremony, hosted by the FAO Director-General, was held on 1 July 2021 with over 600 participants.

3.3 IYPH Advocates

• 3 advocates were recognized for their role in promoting the IYPH key messages.
• These advocates included representatives from the International Seed Federation (ISF), who emphasized the importance of plant health in achieving the SDGs.

3.4 News and Media Coverage

• The IYPH received extensive media coverage, with potentially 4.4 billion readers reached between September 2019 and July 2021.
• The use of social and virtual media was a significant part of the communication strategy, especially due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on in-person events.

3.5 IYPH Digital Report

• A digital report was published to document the achievements and lessons learned from the IYPH.
• The report serves as a resource for policymakers, researchers, and plant health practitioners to guide future initiatives.

Legacy and Way Forward

• The IYPH laid the foundation for international cooperation and national activities aimed at improving plant health.
• The International Day of Plant Health (IDPH) was proposed and will be celebrated annually on 12 May.
• The FAO Scientific Review on the impact of climate change on plant pests provided a scientific basis for future actions by the IPPC.
• The First International Plant Health Conference (IPHC) is scheduled for May 2022, bringing together the global plant health community to address scientific, technical, and regulatory challenges.
• The new FAO Strategic Framework (2022-2031) and the IPPC Strategic Framework (2020-2030) align with the goals of the IYPH, aiming to create more efficient, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable agri-food systems.

Institutional Background

• The IPPC IYPH Steering Committee was established in 2016 to support the proclamation of the IYPH.
• In 2019, the IYPH International Steering Committee (ISC) was formed, consisting of 18 members from FAO regional groups, the IPPC Technical Advisory Board, and other international organizations.
• The ISC met 18 times to oversee the implementation of the IYPH Action Plan.
• Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the official IYPH was extended until 1 July 2021.

Key Facts

• Plants make up 80% of the food we eat and produce 98% of the oxygen we breathe.
• The annual value of agricultural trade has grown almost three-fold over the past decade.
• FAO estimates that agricultural production must increase by about 60% by 2050 to meet global food demand.
• Plant pests cause up to 40% of food crop losses and over USD 220 billion in trade losses annually.
• Climate change is altering ecosystems, reducing biodiversity, and creating new niches for invasive pests.
• Insect abundance has fallen by 80% in the last 25-30 years, impacting plant health and ecosystem services.
• One million locusts can eat about one tonne of food a day, and large swarms can consume over 100,000 tonnes daily.

Conclusion

The IYPH 2020 was a successful global initiative that highlighted the importance of plant health in achieving the SDGs. It helped raise awareness, catalyze new partnerships, and promote sustainable practices. The initiative also laid the groundwork for future actions, including the International Day of Plant Health and the First International Plant Health Conference. The legacy of the IYPH will continue to influence global efforts to protect plant health and, by extension, human life and the environment.