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Uzbekistan Decarbonization Roadmap Summary

Effective Governance for Economic Development (EGED) and USAID-funded programs support Uzbekistan's decarbonization process through the Decarbonization Policy Dialogue Group (PDG). The roadmap outlines strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by transitioning to renewable energy sources (RES) and improving energy efficiency (EE).

1. Political Commitment and Policy

• Uzbekistan committed to a 35% reduction in GHG emissions per GDP by 2030 (from 2010 levels) and issued the National Green Economy Strategy.
• Established dedicated governance structures, including the EGED Pillar 2: Civil Society for Accountability, funded by UK and USAID initiatives.
• Legal reforms include a new Law "On the Use of Renewable Energy Sources" (2019) and resolutions to support microgeneration.
• Decree PP-57 (2023) promotes RES by exempting producers from taxes and enabling microcredits.

2. Energy Sector Overview

• Heavy reliance on fossil fuels for electricity (85%), with renewable share projected to reach 26.1% by 2030.
• Installed capacity target: 29.2 GW by 2030, with 40.4% from RES (solar, wind, hydro).
• Challenges: High investment needs for transmission networks (€3.65 billion/year post-2020), corporate monopolies, and limited microgeneration incentives.

3. Renewable Energy Potential

• Solar potential: 50,974 million tons of oil equivalent/year (technical potential 179 million tons) exceeds all fossil reserves.
• Wind, hydropower, and biomass show regional potential, with geothermal and biogas identified as niche areas.
• Barriers: Complex permitting for land use and financing gaps for small-scale projects.

4. Roadmap Goals & Action Areas

• Key Targets: Achieve carbon neutrality by 2050; reduce electricity losses to 2.35%; increase EE by improving building standards and industrial efficiency.
• Implementation Pillars:
  • Legal Reforms: Define "energy supply organization" in Civil Code; harmonize FEES and impact assessments.
  • Tariffs and Incentives: Introduce fixed "green tariffs" (e.g., 15–25+ cents/kWh), green certifications, and microgeneration privileges.
  • Public Control & Awareness: Establish public councils, enforce transparency via portals, and use media campaigns.
  • Technology Adoption: Support eco-building (e.g., passive houses), waste-to-energy tech, and public-private partnerships.

5. Financing and Capacity Building

• Investment needed: $3.65 billion/year (2020-2030), largely from public-private funds with green bonds.
• Address gaps in technical and financial literacy through targeted training programs for SMEs and public awareness.

6. Conclusion

The roadmap emphasizes transitioning from fossil reliance to RES, aligning with global climate commitments while addressing socio-economic risks through inclusive strategies and long-term collaboration between government, CSOs, academia, and private sector.