IRENA-中美洲的企业能力：可变可再生能源的定义和含义（英）-2023.8-84页_5mb

Summary of "Firm Capacity in Central America: Definitions and Implications for Variable Renewable Energy"

This report by IRENA examines the concept of Firm Capacity (FC) in the Central American power sector and its role in integrating Variable Renewable Energy (VRE). Firm Capacity is defined as the reliable power contribution to meet demand during critical system conditions, addressing uncertainty in energy generation.

Key points:

• Definition and Calculation: FC varies by country, calculated annually using technologies-specific methods, including factors like energy availability, resource conditions, and thermal reserves. It must account for system critical conditions and provide stable revenue for generators.
• Commercial Use: FC is a tradable asset, typically contracted through agreements. It complements energy transactions, providing stable revenue and reducing risks for both suppliers and buyers.
• Regional Challenges: Countries have inconsistent FC definitions and methodologies, hindering regional market integration. Some countries do not include VRE in FC calculations, limiting their development.
• Benchmark from Other Countries: Similar tools exist in Brazil (physical guarantee), Chile (Sufficiency Capacity), Mexico, and Peru, with varying approaches tailored to their energy mixes.
• Case Study (El Salvador): Modeling shows that FC recognition for VRE reduces PPA prices and improves competitiveness, though energy market volatility can impact investment.

Conclusions and Recommendations:

• Harmonize FC definitions and methodologies across Central American countries to foster regional trade.
• Expand FC recognition to all technologies, removing barriers to VRE development.
• Ensure methodologies account for system-critical conditions and support regional grid integration.