2016年-世界发展银行全球_Hungary___Measuring_Inclusive_Growth_for_Enhanced_Development_Impact_73页_2mb

Summary of "Measuring Inclusive Growth for Enhanced Development Impact" in Hungary

Core Content

This report explores the concept of social exclusion and the need for a robust, subregional indicator set to monitor and track progress on social inclusion in Hungary. It emphasizes the importance of measuring not only monetary poverty but also the multidimensional aspects of social exclusion, including employment, education, housing, health, and access to social services. The goal is to develop a monitoring framework that can support the implementation of the National Social Inclusion Strategy (NSIS) and EU-co-funded social inclusion activities.

Main Points

Social Exclusion Definition

• Social exclusion refers to the systematic denial of rights, opportunities, and resources to individuals or communities, which are typically available to others. It includes monetary poverty, material deprivation, and other non-economic factors.
• It is a multidimensional process, affecting various aspects of life such as housing, employment, education, health care, and civil participation.

Dimensions of Social Exclusion

• The report outlines several core dimensions of social exclusion, including:
  • Income and material resources
  • Employment
  • Education and skills
  • Affordable and adequate housing
  • Health
  • Social resources and networks
  • Community resources and civic participation
  • Personal safety

International Experience

• International frameworks, such as the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), have been used to capture the complexity of social exclusion.
• The MPI includes 10 indicators across three dimensions: health, education, and living standards, with equal weighting for each dimension.
• The report also discusses the importance of measuring the "depth" of social exclusion, considering its width, depth, and concentration.

Hungary's Efforts

• The Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HCSO) has used census data to identify segregated areas, focusing on unemployment and education indicators.
• The government has defined 33 most disadvantaged microregions using a combination of economic, social, and infrastructure indicators.
• A poverty map at the microregional level was developed using 2005 data, in collaboration with the World Bank.

Key Indicators Proposed

The report proposes 22 indicators to measure progress toward social inclusion, categorized as follows:

1. Monetary Poverty and Material Resources

   • At risk of poverty (AROP)
   • Material deprivation
   • Low work intensity

2. Employment/Labor

   • Unemployment rates
   • Labor market participation
   • Job quality and stability

3. Education and Health

   • Education levels and access
   • Health status and access to care
   • Child poverty

4. Housing and Living Conditions

   • Housing affordability and quality
   • Segregation in Roma neighborhoods
   • Access to basic services

5. Community Setting

   • Social networks and support
   • Civic participation and community resources
   • Personal safety and discrimination

Tracking Tool for EU Co-funded Projects

• The report proposes a tracking tool that combines social inclusion indicators with project data from EU co-funded initiatives.
• This tool would enable policy makers to assess whether investments are being directed to the highest-need areas.
• The tool is based on the evaluation of social inclusion investments under the TÁMOP 5 program and emphasizes the need for regular, annual data collection on:
  • The social challenge addressed by the project
  • Time frame of the project
  • Number of beneficiaries
  • Exact location of implementation

Recommendations

• Policy makers should incorporate additional dimensions into routine data collection to better reflect the complexity of social inclusion.
• These dimensions should align with the proposed indicator set and EU 2020 targets.
• The report encourages the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to enable the parallel tracking of social inclusion trends and development activities at the local level.

Conclusion

• The report highlights the importance of dynamically measuring social inclusion to respond to local development needs.
• It outlines a logical approach for developing a tracking tool that integrates both social inclusion indicators and project data.
• The proposed indicator set and monitoring framework aim to enhance the impact of social inclusion policies and EU investments in Hungary.

Key Information

• The report is a product of the World Bank and was prepared under the Advisory Services Agreement for Policy Advice to Support the Implementation of the National Social Inclusion Strategy of Hungary.
• It is based on a review of Hungarian and international experiences in measuring social inclusion.
• The use of a multidimensional approach is recommended to better capture the complexity of social exclusion.
• The proposed indicators are designed to be geographically disaggregated, regularly collected, and responsive to local changes.