2015年-数据局_德勤：2016全球制造业竞争力指数-EN_92页_3mb

2016 Global Manufacturing Competitiveness Index Summary

Core Content

The 2016 Global Manufacturing Competitiveness Index (GMCI) is a multi-year research initiative by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited (DTTL) and the Council on Competitiveness. It evaluates the competitiveness of manufacturing nations and identifies key drivers for success. The study includes over 500 survey responses from senior manufacturing executives worldwide and provides insights into how the global manufacturing landscape is evolving.

Main Points

Current and Future Rankings

• China is currently ranked first in manufacturing competitiveness (Index score: 100.0), but is expected to drop to second place by 2020.
• United States is projected to take over the top position by 2020, moving from 4th in 2010 to 2nd in 2016.
• Germany holds the third position in 2016 and is expected to remain in the top 10 through the end of the decade.
• Japan and South Korea are also among the top nations, with Japan rising from 10th in 2013 to 4th in 2016.
• India is expected to significantly improve its ranking, moving from 11th in 2016 to 5th by 2020.

Regional Clusters of Strength

• North America and Asia Pacific dominate the top of the rankings.
• Asia Pacific is expected to see more nations enter the top 10 by 2020, including India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia.
• Europe is represented by Germany and the United Kingdom, with the latter entering the top 10 in 2016.

BRIC Nations and Their Performance

• China remains the only BRIC nation in the top 10.
• Brazil and Russia have seen significant declines, with Brazil dropping from 8th in 2013 to 29th in 2016.
• India is viewed as a potential contender, with expectations of improving its rank from 11th to 5th by 2020.

Key Drivers of Competitiveness

• Talent is ranked as the most critical driver of manufacturing competitiveness.
• Cost competitiveness, productivity, and supplier network are also key.
• Advanced manufacturing technologies such as predictive analytics, IoT, smart products, smart factories, and advanced materials are expected to play a central role in future competitiveness.

Impact of Public Policy

• A favorable policy environment is crucial for manufacturing competitiveness.
• United States executives highlight policies in sustainability, technology transfer, intellectual property protection, and FDI as competitive advantages, while corporate tax rates, healthcare, and labor policies are seen as disadvantages.
• China executives emphasize policies that support science and technology, technology transfer, and infrastructure, while corporate and individual tax rates and government intervention are viewed as inhibitors.
• Europe sees antitrust, product liability, and intellectual property protection as key advantages, with labor policies and tax rates cited as disadvantages.

Key Information

Strategies for Success

1. Prioritize Talent: Companies must focus on attracting, developing, and retaining top talent. Creating "employers of choice" and leveraging external talent pools is essential.
2. Adopt Advanced Technologies: The integration of digital and physical manufacturing systems through technologies like IoT, predictive analytics, and Industry 4.0 is vital for future competitiveness.
3. Leverage Ecosystem Partnerships: Building strong, integrated ecosystems that include government, academia, and private sector collaboration is key to innovation and growth.
4. Balance Global Enterprise Approach: Companies need to optimize their global operations across multiple dimensions including talent, technology, productivity, cost, and regulatory environments.
5. Cultivate Public-Private Partnerships: Governments and businesses must work together to drive economic growth and innovation through strategic collaboration.

Economic Significance

• A strong manufacturing sector is a clear path to economic prosperity, contributing to GDP, job creation, and infrastructure development.
• In 2015, the US manufacturing sector alone employed 12.3 million workers and supported 56.6 million additional jobs.
• US manufacturing workers earned an average of $79,553 in 2014, significantly higher than other industries.

Conclusion

The 2016 GMCI highlights a shift in the global manufacturing landscape, with advanced economies like the US, Germany, Japan, and the UK leading the way in innovation and technology. While China remains the current leader, its position is expected to be challenged by the US in the near future. The rise of the "Mighty Five" (India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia) signals a new era of manufacturing competition. Public policy plays a significant role in shaping the manufacturing environment, with a focus on innovation, technology, and talent being central to success. Companies and nations must adopt a balanced, forward-looking strategy to remain competitive in an evolving global market.

Index Methodology

• The GMCI ranks 40 countries based on the perceptions of senior manufacturing executives.
• Responses are standardized to account for differences in country, culture, industry, and company size.
• Larger companies with global operations are given higher weight in the analysis.
• The methodology is detailed in Appendix B of the report.

Appendix Highlights

• Appendix A provides a deeper look at the future top 10 GMCI nations.
• Appendix B outlines the detailed methodology used to calculate the index scores.
• The report also includes figures and tables with endnotes for further reference.