2016-04-06-德勤-美国有望超越中国成为全球最具竞争力的制造业大国_92页_3mb

The 2016 Global Manufacturing Competitiveness Index (GMCI), released by Deloitte and the US Council on Competitiveness, provides a comprehensive analysis of global manufacturing competitiveness based on survey responses from senior manufacturing executives across various industries and countries.

Key Findings

1. Index Methodology: The study ranks countries based on their competitiveness in 12 key drivers, including Talent, Cost Competitiveness, Workforce Productivity, Supplier Network, Legal and Regulatory System, Education Infrastructure, Physical Infrastructure, Economic, Trade, Financial, and Tax System, Innovation Policy and Infrastructure, Energy Policy, and Local Market Attractiveness.

2. Current Rankings (Current GMCI Index):

   • 1. China
   • 2. United States
   • 3. Germany
   • 4. Japan
   • 5. South Korea
   • 6. United Kingdom
   • 7. Taiwan
   • 8. Mexico
   • 9. Canada
   • 10. Singapore

3. Projected Rankings (GMCI Index in 2020):

   • 1. United States
   • 2. China
   • 3. Germany
   • 4. Japan
   • 5. India
   • 6. South Korea
   • 7. United Kingdom
   • 8. Brazil
   • 9. Russia
   • 10. Canada

4. Key Drivers:

   • Talent is consistently ranked as the most important driver.
   • Cost Competitiveness remains the second most critical.
   • Workforce Productivity, Supplier Network, Legal and Regulatory System, and Education Infrastructure form the top five factors.
   • Advanced Technologies like predictive analytics, the Internet of Things (IoT), advanced materials, and smart factories are becoming increasingly vital.

5. Regional Analysis:

   • North America (led by the US, Canada, Mexico) and Asia Pacific (led by Japan and China, complemented by emerging ASEAN nations like Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam) are identified as the two dominant clusters.
   • Europe faces challenges maintaining its competitive edge, with Germany and the UK remaining relatively stable, while other nations like Italy and Russia experience significant declines.

6. Future Outlook: Countries are transitioning towards higher-value manufacturing (Industry 4.0), embracing advanced technologies, and forming stronger innovation ecosystems. Talent acquisition, cost management, productivity gains, and supportive policies are key imperatives for manufacturers. Regional clusters are locked in competition for manufacturing supremacy.

7. Recommendations:

   • Companies: Focus on talent as a top priority, utilize advanced technologies, adopt a balanced global strategy, and cultivate strong supplier networks and partnerships.
   • Policymakers: Create favorable environments for innovation, simplify regulations, invest in education and infrastructure, and promote regional competitiveness.

In summary, the 2016 GMCI underscores an ongoing transformation in global manufacturing, with technology adoption driving competitiveness. While BRIC nations like Brazil, Russia, and India are projected to decline, nations like India and members of the "MITI-V" cluster (Malaysia, India, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam) are emerging as potential manufacturing destinations. North America and Asia Pacific remain the leading regions for the future.