2018-索马里干旱影响与需求评估（英文版）-7mb

Summary of Somalia Drought Impact & Needs Assessment (DINA)

Core Content

The Somalia Drought Impact and Needs Assessment (DINA) is a comprehensive analysis of the effects of the 2016-2017 drought on the country's socio-economic development, human well-being, and infrastructure. The assessment was conducted by the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) in partnership with the Federal Member States (FMS), supported by the World Bank, the United Nations, and the European Union. It aims to identify recovery needs, develop a multi-sectoral resilience strategy, and inform future development and humanitarian policies to prevent the recurrence of famine.

The report highlights that the drought has caused over USD 3.25 billion in damages and losses, with recovery interventions estimated at USD 1.77 billion. The agriculture sector, particularly irrigation and rain-fed crops, and urban development and municipal services have the highest recovery needs, accounting for 28% and 17% of total needs, respectively.

Main Views and Key Information

1. Drought Context and Impact

• Background: Somalia has experienced four consecutive poor rainy seasons (2016-2017), leading to severe humanitarian and economic consequences.
• Drought Effects: The drought has significantly impacted agriculture, livestock, water supply, transport, and health systems.
• Humanitarian Crisis: Over half the population requires assistance, and the risk of famine remains high despite 2017 interventions.
• Economic Impact: The drought has disrupted economic activity, increased poverty, and strained public services and infrastructure.

2. Human Impact

• Poverty and Deprivation: Somalia has a high rate of multidimensional poverty, with 51% of the population living below the USD 1.90 per day poverty line.
• Food Insecurity: The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) indicates widespread food insecurity, with over 6 million people in need of assistance.
• Displacement: Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are a significant portion of the affected population, with many living in precarious conditions.
• Gender and Vulnerability: Women and children are disproportionately affected, with gender-based violence and lack of access to services increasing during the crisis.

3. Sector Assessments

Productive Sectors

• Agriculture - Irrigation and Rain-fed Crops: Significant damage to crops and infrastructure, with 28% of total recovery needs.
• Agriculture - Livestock: Severe livestock losses, with over 4 million animals estimated to be dead or at risk. 108% of the population is affected, and 17% of recovery needs are attributed to this sector.
• Agriculture - Fisheries: Impact on fisheries due to water scarcity and environmental degradation, contributing to the overall recovery needs.

Physical Sectors

• Water Supply and Sanitation: 17% of recovery needs, with many boreholes and water sources depleted. Access to clean water is critical for health and survival.
• Transport: 12% of recovery needs, with many roads in poor condition, affecting mobility and access to services.
• Environment and Natural Resources: 11% of recovery needs, with land degradation and water scarcity threatening long-term sustainability.

Social Sectors

• Health: 10% of recovery needs, with increased disease outbreaks and reduced access to health care facilities.
• Nutrition: 9% of recovery needs, with rising cases of acute and severe malnutrition among children.
• Education: 6% of recovery needs, with many children forced out of school due to displacement and lack of resources.

4. Cross-Cutting Themes

• Food Security: A central theme, with the DINA identifying the need for improved access to food and nutrition support.
• Livelihoods and Employment: High unemployment and underemployment, especially among youth, contribute to increased vulnerability.
• Social Protection and Safety Nets: Critical for supporting vulnerable populations, especially IDPs and those affected by food insecurity.
• Gender: Gender-based violence and limited access to resources and services have increased, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive interventions.
• Displacement and Resilience: IDP settlements require targeted investment in infrastructure, services, and protection.
• Governance: Weak governance and lack of institutional capacity hinder effective disaster response and recovery.

5. Recovery Strategy and Resilience

• Drought Recovery Strategy (RRF): The RRF is a multi-sectoral framework aimed at reducing vulnerability to future droughts and climate change.
• Key Recovery Interventions: Include investments in water infrastructure, sustainable agriculture, education, health, and social protection.
• Resilience Building: The DINA emphasizes the importance of long-term strategies to build resilience and prevent future disasters, aligning with the National Development Plan (NDP).
• Collaboration: The assessment involved over 180 national and international experts and was supported by remote sensing and field surveys to validate findings.

Conclusion

The DINA serves as a crucial foundation for Somalia's recovery and long-term development. It highlights the need for a coordinated, multi-sectoral approach to address both immediate humanitarian needs and systemic vulnerabilities. By integrating disaster risk reduction, sustainable development, and resilience-building, the DINA aims to move Somalia from a cycle of recurring drought and famine to a more stable and secure future. The report underscores the importance of continued international support, effective governance, and inclusive policies to ensure that the Somali people are better protected against future climate shocks and humanitarian crises.