2011年-世界发展银行全球_Financial_Inclusion_Data___Assessing_the_Landscape_and_Country-level_Target_Approaches_37页_2mb

Summary of Financial Inclusion Data Report (October 2011)

Core Content

This report, prepared by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) on behalf of the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI), outlines the state of financial inclusion data collection and compilation efforts, identifies data gaps, and proposes key recommendations for improving the data landscape and target-setting approaches. It is part of the G-20's commitment to advancing financial inclusion globally and is intended to support the GPFI's work plan and policy recommendations for the Cannes Summit in 2011.

Main Points

1. Financial Inclusion Data Landscape

• Global and National Efforts: A wide range of data collection and compilation efforts have emerged at both global and national levels, driven by the increasing interest in financial inclusion.
• Importance of Data: Financial inclusion data is essential for identifying policy needs, designing programs, and monitoring progress.
• Data Types: Data is collected from both supply-side (providers) and demand-side (users) perspectives, with each type offering different insights and challenges.

2. Data Gaps

• Standardization and Harmonization: Lack of standardized methodologies and harmonized definitions (e.g., SMEs, women-owned SMEs, active vs. dormant accounts) remains a major challenge.
• Comparability and Frequency: Many demand-side data sources are costly, infrequent, and subject to sampling bias, limiting cross-country and over-time comparisons.
• Coverage and Depth: While basic access and usage indicators are reasonably developed, there are significant gaps in areas such as quality of financial services, financial literacy, and barriers to access.
• Informal Providers: Data on informal financial service providers is particularly lacking, which is critical for a comprehensive understanding of financial inclusion.

3. Common Data Framework for Financial Inclusion

• AFI Core Set: The Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI) developed the "Core Set" of financial inclusion indicators, which provides a standardized set of metrics for measuring progress.
• KPIs: The Core Set includes basic access and usage indicators that are well-suited as Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for financial inclusion.
• Flexibility: The Core Set can be adapted to meet country-specific needs while maintaining a shared framework for global measurement.

4. Target-Setting Approaches

• Global Precedents: The report references global target-setting frameworks such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the G-8 5x5 targets, which emphasize measurable goals and progress tracking.
• Country-Level Initiatives: Some countries have begun developing their own target-setting approaches, often using a combination of surveys and data sources.
• Need for Alignment: The GPFI has the potential to influence both measurement frameworks and target prioritization through country-level pilots and a shared roadmap.

5. Way Forward for the GPFI

• Strengthen National Capacity: Enhancing national statistical capacity is critical for producing reliable, consistent, and comparable financial inclusion data.
• Promote Open Data Access: Open data access can foster knowledge creation and improve the quality and transparency of financial inclusion data.
• Continuity of Global Supply-Side Data: The IMF should be encouraged to continue and expand its global supply-side data collection efforts, particularly through the Financial Access Survey (FAS), to support the GPFI's goals.
• Expand Demand-Side Data: The World Bank's Enterprise Surveys and GFII (Global Financial Inclusion Indicators) should be updated and expanded to better capture enterprise-level financial access and usage.
• Develop a Toolkit: The GPFI should develop a toolkit to assist countries in formulating their own financial inclusion targets based on their unique contexts.

Key Recommendations

• Standardize Data Collection: Harmonize definitions and methodologies to ensure data comparability and reliability.
• Enhance Data Availability: Improve data coverage, especially for informal providers, SMEs, and women-owned businesses.
• Support National Statistical Agencies: Strengthen the capacity of national statistical agencies to collect and compile financial inclusion data.
• Leverage AFI Core Set: Use the AFI Core Set as a foundation for a global financial inclusion measurement framework.
• Encourage Open Data Sharing: Promote the use of open data to improve transparency and foster collaboration.
• Expand IMF’s Role: Continue and expand the IMF's role in global supply-side data collection.
• Integrate Demand-Side Data: Incorporate more comprehensive demand-side data collection efforts, such as updating the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys and GFII.
• Develop a Target-Setting Toolkit: Create a flexible toolkit for countries to set and monitor their financial inclusion targets.

Conclusion

The report highlights the importance of a comprehensive, standardized, and flexible data framework for measuring financial inclusion. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between international institutions and national agencies, and the value of open data in improving policy outcomes. The GPFI is positioned to play a key role in advancing these efforts and promoting universal financial access.