揭露金融犯罪的真实代价_30页_3mb

Summary of "Revealing the true cost of financial crime" (2018 Survey Report)

Core Content

This report, commissioned by Thomson Reuters, provides an in-depth analysis of the global impact of financial crime, including its economic, social, and human consequences. It highlights the challenges organizations face in identifying and preventing financial crime, and the broader implications for national economies and individuals.

Main Points

The Nature of Financial Crime

Financial crime encompasses a wide range of activities, including:

• Fraud
• Money laundering
• Theft
• Bribery & corruption
• Cybercrime
• Slavery/human trafficking

These crimes often operate in the shadows, making them difficult to detect, measure, and combat.

The Cost of Financial Crime

• Estimated Annual Loss: Organizations globally report an estimated $1.45 trillion in lost turnover due to financial crime, representing 3.5% of their global turnover.
• Global Impact: Financial crime is not a victimless crime. It has real consequences, including:
  • Economic impact: Reduced tax revenues, leading to fewer schools and hospitals.
  • Human impact: Over 40.3 million people are victims of modern slavery, with 58% of these cases originating from just 5 countries: India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Uzbekistan.
  • Social impact: Financial crime supports criminal and terrorist activities, and has a significant impact on individual lives and communities.

Survey Overview

• Sample: The survey included 2,373 senior executives from large global companies across 19 countries.
• Key Findings:
  • 47% of respondents reported being victims of financial crime over the last 12 months.
  • 3.1% of annual turnover is spent on combating financial crime.
  • 41% of third-party relationships were never screened for financial crime risk.
  • 9% of respondents dealt with over 10,000 third-party vendors in the past year.
  • 71% of organizations feel extreme or significant pressure to improve regulatory safeguards.
  • 72% of respondents believe that cybercrime is more commonly committed externally, while bribery and corruption are more often internal.

Regional and Industry Variations

• Regional Pressures: Regulatory pressure is particularly high in India (88%), UAE (85%), and Nigeria (85%).
• Industry Differences: Publicly listed companies are more likely to experience financial crime than private ones. Cybercrime is most prevalent in publicly listed companies at 26%, compared to 19% in private companies.
• Country-Specific Breakdown: The number of survey respondents varied across countries, with USA (240), India (120), and China (120) having the most respondents.

Impact of Financial Crime

• Economic Impact: Financial crime reduces tax revenues, which affects public spending on education, healthcare, and infrastructure.
• Human Impact: Financial crime often funds human rights abuses such as modern slavery, child labor, and forced prostitution.
• Reputational and Financial Risk: Organizations fear regulatory fines, reputational damage, and client churn. 31% of respondents believe financial loss would have a significant negative impact if they were convicted of financial crime.
• De-risking: Many organizations avoid high-risk regions or industries to reduce exposure, which can lead to lost opportunities and economic stagnation.

The Role of Collaboration

• Business and Government: The report emphasizes the need for collaboration between businesses, governments, and NGOs to effectively combat financial crime.
• Thomson Reuters: The company plays a role in providing risk intelligence, expertise, and technology to help organizations identify and mitigate financial crime risks.
• Europol Insight: Only 1% of criminal proceeds in the EU are confiscated, and 0.5% of transactions reviewed by compliance officers lead to criminal investigations. This highlights the inefficiency of current regulatory frameworks.

Key Information

• Financial Crime is Widespread: It affects companies, governments, and individuals, with 47% of surveyed organizations experiencing at least one type of financial crime in the last 12 months.
• Global Awareness is Low: Despite its prevalence, many organizations lack awareness of the human cost of financial crime, especially modern slavery.
• Need for Better Screening and Monitoring: Organizations must screen all relationships and monitor them continuously, not just at the point of onboarding.
• Regulatory Challenges: Current anti-money laundering (AML) regulations are inefficient, with a low rate of successful investigations and criminal proceedings.
• Public vs. Corporate Perception: Companies tend to see themselves as victims, while the public often perceives them as perpetrators. This mismatch highlights the need for greater awareness and corporate accountability.

Conclusion

The report underscores the multi-faceted, multi-national, and often invisible nature of financial crime. It calls for a comprehensive approach, including better screening, collaboration, and improved regulatory frameworks, to address the economic and human costs associated with these crimes. The true cost of financial crime is not just financial, but also social and ethical, with implications for global development, education, and human rights.