2010年-世界发展银行全球_International_Assessment_of_Agricultural_Knowledge_Science_and_Technology_for_Development_102页_2mb

Summary of the International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD)

Core Content

The International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD) is a global assessment project initiated in 2004, involving about 400 experts from various stakeholder groups. It aimed to evaluate the impact of agricultural knowledge, science, and technology (AKST) on sustainable development, identify knowledge gaps, and enhance the capacity of developing countries to generate and use AKST for development.

The project was funded primarily by the World Bank's Development Grant Facility (DGF), the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and other donors. The World Bank contributed $1.5 million from DGF and $1.8 million from its administrative budget. The GEF provided $3.0 million as a Bank-implemented project, plus $350,000 for project preparation and supervision. Additional support came from in-kind contributions by international agencies and governments.

The IAASTD was managed by a multi-stakeholder Bureau, with two co-chairs, 30 government representatives, 8 from international organizations, and 22 non-government representatives (including NGOs, private sector, producers, and consumers). The assessment included a global evaluation and five sub-global assessments, coordinated by regional institutes such as ACTS, IICA, ICARDA, and WorldFish.

Main Objectives

• Assess the effects of agricultural knowledge, science, and technology policy and institutional environments in the context of sustainable development.
• Identify critical information gaps to better target research efforts.
• Provide decision-makers with objective analyses of AKST for sustainable development.
• Strengthen the capacity of developing countries to generate, access, and use AKST.

Key Activities

• Conducted a global and sub-global assessment by a diverse group of 400 experts.
• Included peer review processes involving individuals, organizations, and governments.
• Focused on reducing hunger and poverty, improving rural livelihoods, and promoting environmentally and socially sustainable development.

Key Findings from the Global Program Review (GPR)

The GPR, conducted by the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) of the World Bank, provided a second opinion on the effectiveness of the IAASTD and evaluated the Bank's performance as a partner. It identified the following:

• Overall Program Outcome: Moderately unsatisfactory.
• Sustainability of Outcomes: Moderately unlikely.
• Design and Implementation of M&E: Unsatisfactory.
• Quality of Independent Evaluation: Moderately satisfactory.

The GPR aimed to add value to the program and the World Bank by drawing on the findings of the 2009 independent evaluation and incorporating lessons learned. It also reported on key developments since the evaluation, including the implementation of its recommendations.

Main Views

• The IAASTD was an innovative and comprehensive assessment, drawing on the methodologies of the IPCC and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA).
• It highlighted the importance of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) and multi-stakeholder engagement in the development process.
• The project was designed with a clear output and exit point, but it was not intended to become a sustained knowledge network.
• The GPR process emphasized the need for high-quality evaluation methodology and transparent governance across Bank-supported programs.

Key Information

• The IAASTD was launched in September 2004, following discussions initiated by the World Bank and FAO in 2002.
• It involved a distributed secretariat across the World Bank, UNEP, UNESCO, and four regional implementing organizations.
• The World Bank's role included financial and administrative support, as well as coordination and oversight.
• The GPR process involved desk reviews, stakeholder consultations, and field missions to program management units.
• The IEG methodology emphasized accountability, learning from experience, and improving future program design and implementation.

Evaluation Process

• The Independent Evaluation was commissioned by the World Bank's Agriculture and Rural Development Sector Board.
• The GPR was conducted by the IEG, based on the 2009 evaluation, and included a review of the program's performance and an analysis of the evaluation's quality.
• The GPR was not a formal rating but aimed to provide additional insights and lessons for future global assessments.

Conclusion

The IAASTD represents a significant effort to evaluate the role of AKST in sustainable development, with a focus on multi-stakeholder engagement, policy relevance, and capacity building. While the project had a strong foundation and involved a wide range of participants, the GPR indicated that its overall outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, and its sustainability was moderately unlikely. The IEG emphasized the importance of improving evaluation methodologies and enhancing transparency and accountability in future global assessments.