国际可再生资源机构-可再生能源准备状况评估：巴拉圭（英）-2021.9-72页_3mb

Paraguay Renewable Readiness Assessment Summary

Core Content

The IRENA Renewable Readiness Assessment (RRA) for Paraguay provides an in-depth analysis of the country's renewable energy landscape, challenges, and recommendations for promoting a sustainable energy future. Paraguay is recognized as a global leader in renewable energy, particularly in hydropower, which accounts for 99.5% of the country's installed power capacity. The assessment outlines the country's energy context, renewable energy development, and strategic directions for enhancing energy security, economic growth, and climate action.

Main Points

1. Energy Context

• Energy Mix: Paraguay's energy mix is dominated by renewable sources, with hydropower being the primary contributor.
• Economic Base: The economy is largely based on agriculture, livestock, and services, which have seen growth, though impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Energy Sector Overview: The National Electricity Administration (ANDE) manages the electricity sector, which has achieved 99% electricity coverage.
• Energy Consumption: The transport sector is the second-largest energy consumer, with oil derivatives (petrol and diesel) being imported at a rapid rate (5.1% annual growth from 2010–2019).
• Climate Commitments: Paraguay has ratified the Paris Agreement and has developed a 2040 Energy Policy and an updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).

2. Renewable Energy Development

• Resources: Paraguay has diverse and abundant renewable resources, including hydropower, bioenergy, solar, wind, and geothermal.
• Current Capacity: By 2020, total renewable capacity reached 8832 MW, with hydropower contributing 8810 MW and bioenergy 22 MW.
• Financing: Renewable energy projects in Paraguay are supported by various financial mechanisms, including international funding and national initiatives.
• Capabilities: The country has developed professional and institutional capabilities to support the deployment of renewable technologies.

3. Challenges and Recommendations

The RRA identifies six key areas for action to enhance the renewable energy readiness of Paraguay:

1. Strengthen Energy Institutions and Governance

• Current institutions lack sufficient capacity and budget to implement energy policies.
• Recommendations include enhancing governance, creating an Energy Committee, and establishing an independent regulatory body.
• Streamlining administrative procedures and creating a "single-window agency" to expedite project approvals is also suggested.

2. Enhance Planning, Policy and Regulatory Framework

• A national energy plan with clear guidelines for all end-use sectors is needed.
• Setting specific renewable energy targets beyond the power sector and linking them to climate action and SDGs is emphasized.
• Developing cross-cutting strategies that integrate energy with broader sustainable development goals is recommended.

3. Develop Policy Instruments and Initiatives to Foster Energy Efficiency

• Energy efficiency is a key pillar of the National Energy Policy.
• The National Energy Efficiency Committee (CNEE) and the Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP) have been established.
• Further efforts are needed to raise public awareness and improve energy efficiency legislation.

4. Promote Renewable Energy Beyond the Power Sector

• Renewable technologies have potential in transport, industry, and buildings.
• Resource mapping and roadmaps for clean energy technologies are proposed to guide development.
• Institutional coordination across sectors is essential for effective implementation.

5. Foster Investment in Renewable Energy Technologies

• Paraguay has a favourable investment environment, but specific challenges remain.
• Direct incentives such as tax exemptions and discounts for renewable equipment are suggested.
• Climate finance and dedicated financing mechanisms like guarantees and credit lines should be explored to attract investment.

6. Reinforce Institutional and Human Capacities

• There is an imbalance in the supply and demand of trained personnel in the energy sector.
• Education and training programs should be developed to meet the needs of the sector.
• Collaboration with academia and stakeholders is key to building a skilled workforce.

Key Information

• IRENA Collaboration: The report was developed in close collaboration with the Government of Paraguay, particularly the Ministry of Public Works and Communications (MOPC) and the Vice-Ministry of Mines and Energy (VMME).
• Climate Action: The NDCs and Long-Term Strategies (LTS) are central to Paraguay's climate commitments.
• Regional Role: Paraguay's geographical location and bi-national hydropower projects position it as a key player in regional energy integration.
• Socio-Economic Benefits: Renewable energy development is expected to bring diverse socio-economic benefits, including job creation, economic growth, and improved energy access.

Conclusion

The RRA underscores the importance of diversifying the energy mix, promoting energy efficiency, and fostering investment in renewable technologies to achieve carbon neutrality and net zero emissions by 2050. It also highlights the need for institutional strengthening and inter-ministerial coordination to ensure the successful implementation of renewable energy strategies. The report serves as a roadmap for Paraguay to transition towards a sustainable energy future in alignment with international climate commitments and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).