亚开行-2023年印度尼西亚纵向老龄化调查（英）-2024.9-218页_15mb

Summary of the Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Survey 2023

Core Content

The Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Survey (ILAS) 2023 is a comprehensive research initiative aimed at understanding the dynamics of population aging in Indonesia and its implications for health, social, and economic systems. Conducted by the SurveyMETER Research Institute and the Lembaga Demografi Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Indonesia, with support from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS), the survey provides critical data to inform policy reforms and improve the well-being of older people in the country.

Main Objectives

• Monitor trends in the aging population
• Provide data-driven insights to improve health and social security systems for older people
• Assess the progress of the National Strategy for Aging (Stranas Kelanjutusiaan), as outlined in Presidential Regulation No. 88 of 2021
• Support the development of future social policies in Indonesia

Key Findings and Policy Implications

The survey highlights several important trends and findings:

• Population Aging: Indonesia's population aged 60 and above has grown significantly, from 2.2 million (3.2%) in 1950 to 30.1 million (10.8%) in 2022, and is projected to reach 21.9% by 2050.
• Health Status: Older people face increasing health challenges, including chronic diseases, functional limitations, and mental health issues such as depression and cognitive impairment.
• Social and Economic Conditions: There are disparities in income, savings, and access to welfare programs among older people. Many rely on family support, while others depend on government transfers or private sources.
• Caregiver Dynamics: A significant proportion of older people require long-term care, with family members often serving as primary caregivers. However, some older individuals lack caregivers and may need institutional or community-based support.
• Technology and Financial Inclusion: Access to and use of communication devices, smartphones, and digital payment tools are increasing, though there are variations based on age, education, and location. This suggests a growing potential for digital inclusion among older people.
• Social Engagement: Older people participate in various family and social activities, including caring for grandchildren and engaging in voluntary or charitable work, which indicates their active role in society.

Survey Design and Methodology

• Sample and Completion Rate: The survey was conducted across various regions in Indonesia, with a focus on capturing a representative sample of the aging population.
• Ethical Clearance: The survey received necessary ethical approvals to ensure the protection of participants' rights and data privacy.
• Data Collection: Utilized CAPI (Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing) to collect data from respondents.
• Quality Control: Rigorous validation processes were implemented to ensure data accuracy and reliability.
• Analytical Weights: Adjustments were made to account for sampling bias and ensure the representativeness of the results.

Structure of the Report

The report is organized into the following sections:

1. Introduction: Discusses population aging in Indonesia and the rationale for longitudinal research on older people.
2. Survey Design: Details the methodology, sample selection, data collection, and quality control processes.
3. Demographic Profile: Presents the characteristics of the pre-older and older age groups.
4. Health, Social, and Economic Conditions: Analyzes the health status, social status, and economic conditions of older people.
5. Lifestyle, Habits, and Living Conditions: Covers smoking, alcohol consumption, and housing conditions.
6. Health and Aged-Care Services: Examines health service utilization, health insurance, and long-term care needs.
7. Use of Technology, Apps, and Financial Inclusion: Focuses on access to and use of communication and digital tools.
8. Information Access and Social Engagement: Explores how older people access information and participate in social activities.

Key Tables and Figures

• Tables include demographic characteristics, health conditions, economic status, and access to financial services.
• Figures illustrate population aging trends, health status distribution, and employment patterns across different age groups and genders.

Boxes

• Boxes compare findings from the Indonesia Longitudinal Aging Survey with the National Strategy for Aging indicators, highlighting policy relevance and areas needing attention.

Acknowledgments

The survey was supported by several key institutions, including ADB, SurveyMETER, BAPPENAS, and various ministries such as the Ministry of Social Affairs and the Ministry of Health. The research team included experts in survey design, data analysis, and translation, with Ni Wayan Suriastini leading the project and providing essential guidance.

Conclusion

The ILAS 2023 is a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders seeking to address the challenges and opportunities of an aging population in Indonesia. It offers a detailed understanding of the health, economic, and social conditions of older people, as well as their use of technology and engagement in society. The findings are expected to guide future reforms in aging-related policies and support the development of inclusive and sustainable social systems.