2009-12-31-世界卫生组织-2010_STEPS_Country_Report_Bangladesh_176页_1mb

Risk Factor Survey Bangladesh 2010: Summary Report

Introduction and Objectives

This survey, conducted between November 2009 and April 2010 in Bangladesh, aimed to assess the prevalence of key risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adults aged 25 years or older. The goal was to provide baseline data for NCD prevention and control policies in Bangladesh, using a standardized WHO STEPwise approach.

Methodology

The survey employed a multistage, geographically clustered probability sampling design. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and physical measurements, ensuring digital data collection for accuracy and efficiency.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use:

• Approximately 26% of adults are current smokers, with significantly higher rates among men.
• Smokeless tobacco use affects about 31.7% of the population, with women showing higher use in certain regions.

Diet:

• Fruit and vegetable intake is inadequate across the population, with many consuming less than the recommended 5 servings daily.

Physical Activity:

• About 27% of participants report low physical activity, with women being less active than men overall.

Obesity and Weight:

• One-fourth of the population is overweight, with higher rates in urban areas.
• Central obesity is also a concern, particularly among women.

Blood Pressure:

• Hypertension prevalence is around 12.5%, with a significant portion of cases undiagnosed or inadequately treated.

Diabetes:

• About 3.9% of the population has diabetes, often detected late due to poor screening habits.

Overall Risk Factor Clustering:

• Nearly all adults have at least one risk factor, with many having multiple factors (e.g., 28% have three or more risks). This clustering is more pronounced in higher socioeconomic groups.

Policy Recommendations

1. Strengthen tobacco control through law enforcement and public awareness.
2. Promote access to affordable fruits and vegetables and physical activity opportunities.
3. Enhance primary healthcare for early detection and management of hypertension and diabetes.
4. Include NCD risk factors in future national health surveys for ongoing monitoring.

Conclusion

The survey highlights a dual burden of NCD risks in Bangladesh, emphasizing the need for immediate public health interventions to address lifestyle factors and improve healthcare infrastructure.