2008-12-31-世界卫生组织-2009_STEPS_Country_Report_Myanmar_112页_949kb

Myanmar Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Survey Summary

United Nations © issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) a medical disease Surveillance Survey that was carried out in 2009, titled "Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Survey". This survey aimed to generate globally comparable data on the risk factors for chronic diseases.

Health behaviors and measurements

The survey sample size was calculated to be 7,450 households, yielding around 7,429 respondents aged 15-64 years. Key findings were diverse across lifestyle and health metrics.

• Tobacco habits: Over 22% of respondents were current smokers, with a notably higher prevalence among men (44.8%). Among youth, many indulged in smokeless tobacco, like betel quid. The initiation age was typically 20 years, with adherence persisting for nearly 23 years on average. Alarmingly, only 21% consumed manufactured cigarettes frequently, while most opted for other forms.

• Alcohol consumption appeared less common, with roughly 73% abstaining overall, while about 13% drank recreationally. Younger individuals and a specific older demographic group showed higher drinking rates.

• Diet and activity: For fruit and vegetables, most consumed below the recommended five servings daily, hovering around four servings. Physical activity levels were lowest among the young and highest among the neutral group. Total activity showed women were less active than men across almost all measures. Obesity prevalence was lower than expected, though remaining in the adult population.

Recommendations

The report recommends policy interventions targeting tobacco control, particularly addressing embedded cultural use of smokeless tobacco among youth. Steps include broad dietary guidance, community-based physical activity programs, improved hypertension awareness, and better integration of traditional healthcare approaches with preventative measures.

Key Findings Overview

• Overall, 29% of adults use tobacco today, prevalence highly exceeding among men.
• About 22% of adults consume alcohol, with a concerningly high portion doing so frequently among younger demographics.
• Roughly 77% of the population reported not having had blood pressure measured by a healthcare professional.
• Under 40% of adults achieved their recommended fruit and vegetable servings over the week.
• Around 75% of respondents engaged in high levels of physical activity but showed consistency across age groups.
• Despite overall healthy indices, an unexpectedly low prevalence of lost risk factors flagged a specific cohort of concern.
• Surveillance data pinpointed areas requiring targeted interventions to combat rising non-communicable disease risks across Myanmar.