EBA欧洲银行-2013-05-24-Hearing-EC-on-financial-supervision_1_4页_155kb

Implications of the Single Supervisory Mechanism on the European System of Financial Supervision: the EBA Perspective

核心内容概述

Andrea Enria, Chairman of the European Banking Authority (EBA), presented his views during a public hearing on financial supervision in the EU on 24 May 2013. The focus of his intervention was on the implications of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM) and the broader Banking Union project for the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS). He emphasized the need for a more integrated and unified approach to financial supervision and resolution across the EU, particularly in the context of the ongoing challenges to the Single Market.

主要观点

1. SSM的必要性与作用

• The SSM is a timely and appropriate institutional response to the challenges facing the European banking sector.
• It aims to provide a unified framework for supervision and resolution, reducing the link between banks and their sovereigns.
• A successful implementation of the SSM requires the integration of the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM) to ensure a European safety net.

2. 单市场功能的受损

• The sovereign debt crisis led to a significant renationalisation of banking activities, undermining the integration of the Single Market.
• Cross-border banking has declined due to reduced lending between jurisdictions and increased sovereign risk.
• This has resulted in a segmentation of the market, with capital and liquidity being allocated nationally rather than across borders.

3. 对SSM的局限性认识

• The SSM will only cover Member States that join it, leaving other countries outside its scope.
• This creates a potential rift between those who are part of the Banking Union and those who are not, which could further fragment the Single Market.
• Additional steps are needed to strengthen other components of the ESFS and ensure a level playing field across the EU.

4. 推动单一规则书的统一

• The EBA advocates for a renewed and enhanced effort to harmonize the Single Rulebook.
• Common rules are essential to restore trust among authorities and enable joint supervision of cross-border groups.
• Flexibility in rules should not be used to create de facto barriers or ring fence national markets.

5. 加强监管实践与合作

• Supervisory convergence is crucial for the SSM to function effectively.
• The EBA is working on the Single Supervisory Handbook, aiming to establish common methodologies for risk assessment, asset quality reviews, and recovery planning.
• While the Handbook is not legally binding, it must be applied consistently across the Single Market.

6. 构建可信的跨境银行解决框架

• The SRM must cover all EU Member States to prevent continued segmentation of the market.
• Binding criteria and a common resolution toolkit are necessary to ensure a smooth and integrated approach to crisis management.
• Voluntary agreements are insufficient; there must be enforceable arrangements to prevent divergence in resolution practices.

关键信息

• SSM与SRM的协同作用：SSM的建立需要与SRM有效结合，以确保欧洲层面的银行安全和危机处理能力。
• 单一规则书的重要性：统一的规则是恢复市场信任和实现跨境监管协同的基础。
• 监管灵活性的边界：虽然成员国在某些领域有灵活性，但应避免其成为市场分割的工具。
• EBA的角色：EBA在推动统一监管框架和加强监管合作方面发挥着关键作用，需进一步明确其职责和权威。
• 市场整合的挑战：当前的监管和制度安排尚未充分支持单一市场的有效整合，需更多政治承诺和行动。

结论

Andrea Enria's intervention highlights the importance of the SSM in addressing the fragmentation of the European banking market. However, he stresses that the success of the Banking Union depends on a broader commitment to harmonizing regulatory frameworks, enhancing supervisory cooperation, and building a credible, binding resolution framework across all Member States. The EBA is positioned as a key player in this process, with a growing role in shaping and enforcing common standards.