2015-02-21-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_weekly_bulletin_16_-_22_February_2015_12页_1mb

Meningitis Weekly Bulletin Summary - Week 08 / February 16-22, 2015

I. Epidemiological Situation - Week 08

• Total Cases: 379 suspected meningitis cases reported.
  • Benin: No cases reported.
  • Burkina Faso: No cases reported.
  • Cameroon: No cases reported.
  • Central African Republic: 0 cases, 0 deaths, 0% lethality.
  • Côte d'Ivoire: No cases reported.
  • Ethiopia: No data reported.
  • Ghana: 20 cases, 1 death, 5.0% lethality; one district in alert phase.
  • Guinea: No data reported.
  • Gambia: 2 cases, 0 deaths, 0% lethality.
  • Kenya: No data reported.
  • Mali: 2 cases, 0 deaths, 0% lethality.
  • Mauritania: No cases reported.
  • Niger: 26 cases, 5 deaths, 19.2% lethality.
  • Nigeria: 309 cases, 22 deaths, 7.1% lethality; two districts in epidemic phase, two in alert phase.
  • Republic of Congo: No data reported.
  • Senegal: 7 cases, 0 deaths, 0% lethality.
  • South Sudan: No data reported.
  • Sudan: No cases reported.
  • Chad: No cases reported.
  • Togo: 5 cases, 0 deaths, 0% lethality.
  • Uganda: No data reported.
• Total Deaths: 28 deaths (7.4% lethality).
• Alert/Epidemic Districts: 3 districts reached epidemic threshold, 3 districts reached alert threshold, all within the meningitis belt.

II. Synthesis of Epidemiological Situation - Weeks 01 - 08

• Cumulative Cases: 3,026 suspected cases reported.
• Total Deaths: 248 deaths (8.2% lethality).
• Key Countries:
  • Ghana: 80 cases, 12 deaths (15.0% lethality).
  • Guinea: No data reported.
  • Niger: 71 cases, 13 deaths (18.3% lethality).
  • Nigeria: 479 cases, 38 deaths (7.9% lethality).
  • Central African Republic: High lethality with limited reporting.
• Laboratory Data: 525 CSF samples tested (17.3% of cases). Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) was identified as the dominant pathogen; Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (NmC) reported in Niger and Nigeria.

III. Laboratory Data by Country

• Primary pathogens identified: Streptococcus pneumoniae (56 cases), Neisseria meningitidis (NmC) (34 cases, mainly in Nigeria and Niger).
• Enhanced surveillance highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and response measures.

Key Observations:

• High case numbers in Nigeria and Ghana.
• Significant lethality in Niger and Central African Republic.
• Dominance of Spn and NmC as causative pathogens.
• Complete data reported for many countries, indicating strong surveillance systems.