2024-02-24-世界卫生组织-Meningitis_Weekly_bulletin_19_to_25_February_2024_19页_1mb

报告摘要

Inter Country Support Team - West Africa
Meningitis Weekly Bulletin - Week 08, 2024
19th to 25th February 2024

I. Epidemiological Situation

Table 1: Epidemiological Data by Country

Total Suspected Cases (Week 08): 4,738
Total Deaths (Week 08): 237 (CFR: 5.0%)
Countries Reporting: 19 countries (including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, etc.)

Key Findings:

Nigeria: 1,043,377 doses of Men5CV vaccine approved for reactive vaccination campaigns.
Outbreaks:
- 2 districts in Nigeria and 1 health zone in DR Congo crossed the epidemic threshold.
- 5 countries (Ghana, Guinea, Niger, Senegal, DR Congo) reported districts crossing the alert threshold.

II. Summary of Weekly Data

High Burden Countries: Nigeria (561 cases), Niger (368 cases), Burkina Faso (276 cases).
Low Mortality: Most countries reported low or zero fatalities (e.g., Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire).
Trends: Nigeria leads in cases but has a lower CFR compared to previous weeks.

III. Laboratory Data

Key Pathogens Identified

Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (NmC): 56.3% of positive samples.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn): 28.6% of positive samples.
Hib: 3.7% of positive samples.

Recommendations

Encourage lumbar puncture for suspected cases.
Improve sample transportation and processing systems.
Pre-position vaccines and laboratory supplies for at-risk areas.

IV. Recommendations

Surveillance Integration: Link meningitis surveillance with other vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD).
Vaccination Campaigns: Ramp up reactive vaccination in areas crossing epidemic or alert thresholds.
Laboratory Capacity: Strengthen genomic surveillance and pathogen identification.
Resource Mobilization: Secure funding for routine immunization and outbreak response.

V. Data by Region

Table 2: Summary Across Weeks (01-08, 2024)

Total Suspected Cases: 47,380
Total Deaths: 2,001
Countries Involved: 24 countries.

VI. MenAfriVac Update

Status: No confirmed cases of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A in the meningitis belt since 2018.
Call to Action: Countries with MenAfriVac stocks should use them in reactive campaigns.

VII. Conclusion

This week’s data highlights ongoing meningitis activity in West Africa, particularly in Nigeria and other high-burden countries. Proactive surveillance, vaccination, and laboratory capacity are critical to mitigate outbreaks.

Contact:
WHO Inter Country Support Team – West Africa
Email: bwakaa@who.int | Website: https://www.who.int/health-topics/meningitis

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