2010年-世界发展银行全球_Benchmarking_Local_Government_Performance_on_Rural_Sanitation___Learning_from_Himachal_Pradesh_India_5页_2mb

Global Scaling Up Sanitation Project Summary

Core Content

The Global Scaling Up Sanitation Project (TSSM) is an initiative by the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) that aims to improve rural sanitation in India by combining Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) with sanitation marketing. It is designed to shift from conventional sanitation programs that focused on toilet construction to a more outcome-based approach that emphasizes behavior change and sustainable impact.

Main Objectives

• To move from input and output-based monitoring to outcome-based performance management.
• To enable district-level benchmarking to improve performance and resource allocation.
• To encourage continuous improvement through performance incentives.
• To ensure accurate and timely data reporting to support effective decision-making.

Key Findings

• Performance benchmarking helps districts understand their strengths and weaknesses and motivates improvement.
• It links inputs, outputs, processes, and outcomes in a way that highlights the efficacy of resource use.
• The weighted scoring system prioritizes outcomes and processes over inputs and outputs, encouraging better performance.
• Benchmarking should be linked to incentives to drive meaningful change.
• Periodic dissemination of results (monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual) ensures transparency and accountability.
• Benchmarking can improve data quality, as it motivates districts to submit accurate and timely reports.

Five-Step Process

The TSSM project in Himachal Pradesh follows a structured five-step performance benchmarking process:

1. Select indicators and collect data from TSC/NGP: Eight indicators were chosen to measure performance across different aspects (inputs, outputs, processes, and outcomes).
2. Assign scores to each indicator: Indicators are weighted, with higher emphasis on outcomes and processes.
3. Sum up scores: A Cumulative Performance Score (out of 100) is calculated for each district.
4. Benchmark districts based on scores: Districts are ranked in descending order and divided into four performance bands (Below average, Average, Above average, and Superior).
5. Disseminate results periodically: Results are shared monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, and annually to ensure ongoing monitoring and feedback.

Performance Bands

• <25%: Below average
• 25–49%: Average
• 50–74%: Above average
• ≥75%: Superior

Outcomes and Impacts

• The Solan, Bilaspur, and Mandi districts were initially top performers, but only Bilaspur maintained its position, showing consistent improvement.
• The Clean Village Prize (NGP) is used as a fiscal incentive, but benchmarking is proposed to be linked with additional recognition for districts showing significant progress.
• Field verification is conducted to ensure data accuracy, as seen in the case of a district whose ODF coverage data was found to be inconsistent with other indicators.

What Else Do We Need to Know?

• The benchmarking model has been adopted in one Indian state, with advocacy efforts ongoing for other states and the national government.
• Indonesia has developed a similar system based on the Indian model.
• Scaling up the model requires technical support and advocacy to ensure institutionalization and data management capabilities.

Conclusion

The TSSM project in Himachal Pradesh demonstrates that performance benchmarking can be an effective management tool to improve rural sanitation outcomes. It promotes transparency, accountability, and sustainable development by focusing on efficacy and impact rather than just coverage and construction. The project highlights the importance of linking benchmarking with incentives and ensuring data quality for meaningful performance improvement.