联合国贸易发展委员会-审查贸发会议的技术合作活动及其资金筹措情况（英）-2025.8_173页_1mb

报告摘要

Summary of UNCTAD Technical Cooperation Activities and Their Financing (2024)

Core Content

This document outlines the technical cooperation activities of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in 2024, categorized under four main themes:

Transforming economies, fostering sustainable development
Tackling vulnerabilities, building resilience
Fostering economic efficiency, improving governance
Empowering people, investing in their future

The report is structured around nine products under Theme A and includes country-level activities and regional initiatives, such as those in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC). The Investment Policy Reviews (IPRs) are a central focus, with a detailed description of the process, objectives, and outcomes.

Main Technical Cooperation Activities

Theme A: Transforming economies, fostering sustainable development

A1. Investment Policy Reviews (IPRs)

Objective: To help developing countries and least developed countries (LDCs) attract FDI, integrate into global value chains, and promote sustainable development.
Process: Conducted in five phases, including country ownership, diagnostic evaluation, dialogue on recommendations, implementation support, and follow-up assessments.
Key Outputs in 2024:
- Preparation and publication of the IPR of Tunisia.
- Implementation reports for The Gambia and Sierra Leone.
- Launch of the IPR process for CEMAC.
- Introduction of the Live implementation matrix in Sierra Leone.
- Technical assistance to 23 countries, including Angola, Cabo Verde, CEMAC, The Gambia, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Uzbekistan.
Impact:
- IPRs have contributed to strengthening investment policies and strategies.
- They have enabled countries to attract more FDI and improve the investment environment.
- More than 650 recommendations have been implemented globally, many with UNCTAD's technical support.
- The IPFSD (UNCTAD Investment Policy Framework for Sustainable Development) guides the process.

Key Countries and Regional Initiatives

Angola: Participated in the Train for Trade II program and shared lessons from the IPR.
Cabo Verde: Continued collaboration with the UNCT and participated in capacity-building meetings.
CEMAC: The IPR process was initiated for its six member states, with the final report expected in 2025.
The Gambia: The IPR report was published, and follow-up activities were conducted with government representatives.
Mauritania: The IPR implementation report was published in 2023, and the country participated in a capacity-building workshop.
Morocco: Engaged in investment promotion workshops, sharing best practices with AMDIE.
Saudi Arabia: The new investment law was approved in August 2024, following UNCTAD's input.
Sierra Leone: The IPR report was published, and the country received extensive technical assistance.
Togo: Participated in two workshops to support investment promotion and facilitation.
Uzbekistan: The IPR process led to collaboration with UNCTAD and UNDP, and the government expressed interest in continuing reforms.
WAEMU: UNCTAD conducted two capacity-building workshops in Abidjan and Casablanca to support investment promotion and facilitation.

Key Outcomes and Endorsements

Government Commitment:
- Many governments have endorsed the IPR recommendations, with a focus on simplification, digitalization, and institutional reform.
- Examples of endorsements include:
  - Côte d'Ivoire: The IPR helped diagnose institutional weaknesses and provided insights for reform.
  - WAEMU Commission: A budget was allocated for an action plan based on IPR recommendations.
  - Sierra Leone: The IPR was recognized as a success and led to significant legal and institutional reforms.
  - Uzbekistan: The IPR was praised for its comprehensive insights and support in policy development.
  - Tunisia: The IPR recommendations were endorsed and will be integrated into the government's reform agenda.
Implementation of Recommendations:
- Over 650 recommendations have been implemented globally, with significant support from UNCTAD's technical assistance.
- The IPR Implementation Reports have been prepared for The Gambia and Sierra Leone, showing progress in applying the recommendations.
Impact on Investment Flows:
- While it is difficult to directly correlate IPR implementation with FDI inflows, UNCTAD data shows a 28.5% increase in global FDI inflows between 2002–2012 and 2013–2023.
- In 23 countries with IPR assessments, FDI inflows increased by 47%.

Conclusion

UNCTAD's technical cooperation activities, particularly the Investment Policy Reviews, have played a critical role in helping developing countries and LDCs improve their investment policies, attract FDI, and enhance sustainable development. The multi-phase approach of IPRs ensures country ownership, stakeholder engagement, and long-term implementation support. The Live implementation matrix and capacity-building workshops are key tools that support this process, while the collaboration with UNDP, UNCT, and other regional bodies strengthens the effectiveness of the IPRs. The positive outcomes and government endorsements demonstrate the relevance and impact of these initiatives on economic transformation and policy reform.