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Summary of Solar Installation Failures in Hurricane-Prone Areas

A study analyzing three ground-mount solar installations affected by Hurricane Beryl in the Caribbean highlighted critical failures in solar systems under hurricane conditions. The primary failure modes included the use of insufficiently rated modules, deteriorated frame hardware due to corrosion or inadequate locking mechanisms, bolt loosening from vibration or improper torqueing, and racking and foundation inadequacies.

The report, authored by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), recommends strengthening installation standards to address these vulnerabilities. Key recommendations include:

• Using high-load PV modules designed for 4,000 Pa uplift pressures.
• Implementing through-bolting instead of top-down or T-clamps, along with specialized washers (StormPlate™) to reduce stress concentration.
• Enhancing bolt quality assurance through proper torqueing, locking mechanisms, and anti-corrosion treatments.
• Designing racking systems with lateral support and adhering to structural codes (ASCE 7).
• Considering dual-post foundations to improve stability.
• Avoiding trackers in higher-category wind zones.

The study also underscores the need for better topographical considerations, quality control in component manufacturing, and standardized resilience collaboration among stakeholders. These measures are crucial for ensuring solar infrastructure’s longevity in hurricane-prone regions.

Source: RMI (Rocky Mountain Institute), Solar Under Storm III: Updated Best Practices for Resilient Ground-Mount PV Systems with Hurricane Exposure, 2025.