2023-06-06-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Kenya_2023_country_profile_3页_178kb

报告摘要

Air pollution contributes significantly to health issues, with PM2.5 levels at 13 μg/m³ annually exceeding the WHO guideline of 5 μg/m³. It causes 42% of deaths from stroke and ischemic heart disease.
Death rates from chemical poisonings (IHR capacity score: 40%, ranking 29th in Africa) and other environmental health problems are reported, with insufficient data for radiation and specific chemical regulations.

Air Pollution: Compliant with WHO Air Quality Guidelines for 83% of the assessed population. Legal standards exist for PM2.5, but overall compliance is partial.
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH): Insufficient data reported, but high risk in rural areas, schools, and informal settlements. WASH policies are limited, and many lack access to safely managed services.
Climate Change: Insufficient data on climate assessment, health vulnerabilities, adaptation plans, and implementation status. Kenya ranks poorly in regional and global comparisons for climate resilience.
Chemicals and Radiation: Low capacity for chemical emergencies (IHR capacity 40%). Mercury management (Minamata Convention party: no), limited radiation regulation, and high risks for occupational exposure with inadequate protections.

Health Care Facilities: 32% lack basic water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste management services; 55% have unreliable electricity supply; limited climate and environmental sustainability standards.
Occupational Health: 87% of workers aged ≥65 years and others covered by basic services; high risk of injuries and diseases due to long working hours (26% with ≥55 hours/week) leading to inadequate safety.

Kenya ranks 7th in the European Region but lower in African regional rankings for chemicals and climate change.
Most areas suffer from insufficient data, indicating gaps in monitoring and policy implementation.

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