英文_OECD_爱沙尼亚的战略性公共采购和专业化举措_诊断报告_103页_4mb

OECD Public Governance Reviews: Strategic Public Procurement and Professionalisation Initiatives in Estonia

Diagnostic Report Summary

1. Introduction

• Public procurement in Estonia accounts for 15.3% of GDP and 34.9% of government expenditure (2023).
• Procurement is recognized as a strategic tool for green, digital, and social transitions, but its strategic use remains limited.
• 10.2% (1.6%) of procedures were designated as green/social/innovation tenders in 2023, indicating room for improvement.

2. Current State Assessment

• Legal/Regulatory Framework:
  • Aligns well with EU directives but lacks clarity for contracting authorities on social and innovation procurement.
  • Challenges include short-term budget constraints and inconsistent monitoring of compliance with green criteria.
• Institutional and Stakeholder Buy-in:
  • Limited engagement and awareness of strategic procurement, especially among the private sector (54% not familiar with Strategic Principles).
  • Leaders perceive risks to higher prices and prioritize national security over sustainability.
• Market Readiness:
  • Businesses face barriers accessing strategic tenders due to unclear criteria and time constraints.
• Professionalisation:
  • Competency model drafted but lacks linked job profiles. Training gaps exist for green/social and innovation practices.

3. Action Plan Recommendations

1. Legal and Monitoring Improvements:
   • Clarify legal provisions to reduce ambiguity.
   • Enhance data collection (e.g., LCC analysis, verified GPP stats) and market engagement tools.
2. Strategy and Awareness:
   • Link procurement strategy with national policies (climate, AI) and raise awareness through case studies.
3. Professionalisation:
   • Adopt a standalone professional strategy, specify job roles, and tailor training for strategic competencies.
4. Capacity Building:
   • Leverage academia (e.g., support procurement courses) and create a professional network.

4. Key Challenges

• Overcrowded by traditional practices and low budget visibility.
• Prices deter reusable green solutions due to lack of lifecycle cost assessment (LCC).
• Insufficient training on socially responsible and innovation procurement.

5. Annex: Competency Assessment

• Top Priorities: Trainings focused on innovation, compliance, green, and social procurement.
• Bilateral agreements (e.g., Finland, Lithuania) for performance-based incentives could inspire Estonia.

This report underscores that strategic procurement requires cross-sector alignment and consistent capacity building to meet Estonia’s 2035 targets.