2008-12-31-世界卫生组织-2009_STEPS_Country_Report_Gabon_60页_490kb

Summary of the STEPS Survey on Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Libreville and Owendo, Gabon

This report details a 2009 survey (STEPS - Strategy for the OMS by Stages for Surveillance of Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases) conducted in Gabon to assess risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in urban areas. The study aimed to evaluate factors like tobacco use, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, physical activity, and nutritional status to inform prevention and surveillance strategies.

Key Findings:

• The survey covered 2708 individuals aged 15-64 years in Libreville and Owendo, with a high participation rate (96.7%).
• Prevalence of tobacco use was 11% (higher in Owendo and among men), with most users consuming cigarettes daily.
• Alcohol consumption was reported by 44.6% of participants (more common among men and older adults). A significant portion engaged in risky drinking patterns.
• Dietary habits showed high fruit and vegetable intake (88.1% for fruits, 95.8% for vegetables), but insufficient consumption of both fruits and vegetables was prevalent (70.6% of the population).
• Physical inactivity was a major issue, with 15.3% reporting sedentary lifestyles; physical activity standards were low across age and sex groups.
• Overweight and obesity affected 28.1% of men and 28.0% of women, with varying rates by age. Hypertension prevalence was 38.3%, and many cases were undiagnosed.
• Results were analyzed using OMS standardized methods, with statistical tests confirming significant associations between risk factors and demographics such as age, sex, and location.
• The study revealed that urbanization and lifestyle changes are driving the NCD burden, requiring early intervention.

Conclusions and Recommendations:

• Prevention is crucial due to rising NCDs, emphasizing the need for early detection and behavior change.
• Recommendations include:
  • Policy actions: Enforce antitobacco laws, regulate alcohol sales, promote healthy diets, and fund NCD surveillance programs.
  • Health system strengthening: Train healthcare workers in prevention and integrate NCD risk screening into routine care.
  • Community engagement: Increase public awareness on healthy lifestyles, including balanced nutrition and regular physical activity.
  • Collaboration: Involve multiple ministries (health, education, interior) for comprehensive strategies, such as school-based education and accessible healthcare.

Overall, the STEPS survey highlights the need for targeted interventions to mitigate NCD risks and improve public health outcomes in Gabon.