2008年-IMF国际货币组织全球_Key_Trends_in_Implementation_of_the_IMF39sTransparency_Policy_8页_196kb

Summary of Key Trends in Implementation of the IMF's Transparency Policy

Introduction

This report provides an overview of the trends in the implementation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) transparency policy, focusing on publication rates, publication lags, and the use of deletions in various types of reports. The data covers the period up to December 2007 and is intended to be circulated regularly to the Board.

I. Trends in Publication Rates

The publication rates for different types of reports are summarized in Table 1, which shows the percentage of reports published by the end of the calendar year following Board consideration. Key observations include:

• Staff Reports: A consistent publication rate of around 80-84% over the years, with a slight decline in 2007 to 80%.
• Article IV and UFR Staff Reports: Maintained a publication rate of approximately 82-85%, with a minor dip in 2007 to 83%.
• Stand-alone Article IV Reports: Publication rate slightly decreased from 79% in 2005 to 82% in 2007.
• Stand-alone UFR Reports: Showed a steady rate of 85%, with a slight fluctuation in 2006 and 2007.
• Policy Papers: Publication rate decreased from 71% in 2005 to 65% in 2007.
• Joint Staff Advisory Notes: Publication rate dropped from 76% in 2005 to 64% in 2007.
• HIPC Country Papers: Published at a rate of 75% in 2007, with a consistent decline over the years.

II. Lags Between Board Consideration and Publication

Table 3 highlights the average number of days between the Board's consideration and the publication of reports, along with the percentage of reports with lags exceeding one or two months. Notable trends include:

• Article IV and UFR Staff Reports: Average lag remained around 35-43 days, with a decrease in 2007.
• Advanced Economies: Had the shortest lags, averaging around 10-15 days, with minimal delays exceeding one month.
• Emerging Markets: Showed a moderate lag, averaging 37-43 days, with a consistent percentage of reports delayed by more than one month.
• Developing Countries: Experienced the longest lags, averaging 38-66 days, with a significant increase in delays exceeding two months in 2006 and 2007.
• Africa: Lags varied, but overall, developing and emerging market countries in Africa showed increasing delays.
• Asia: Lags were generally lower, with some fluctuations, but overall improved in 2007.
• Central and Eastern Europe: Lags were consistently low, with a slight increase in 2007.
• CIS and Mongolia: Lags were moderate, with a slight improvement in 2007.
• Middle East: Lags increased in 2007, with a notable percentage delayed by more than two months.
• Western Hemisphere: Lags were the highest, especially in 2007, with a significant increase in delays.

III. Trends in Recourse to Deletions

Table 4 provides data on the use of deletions in reports, categorized by economic and regional groups. Key findings are:

• All Article IV and UFR Reports: Approximately 6-11% of reports included deletions, with a slight increase in 2007.
• Exchange Rate Deletions: A small percentage of reports (around 3-9%) had deletions related to exchange rate issues.
• Financial Sector Deletions: Also a small percentage (around 3-10%) of reports had deletions on financial sector issues.
• Advanced Economies: Rarely used deletions, with only 9% of reports having any deletions in 2005.
• Emerging Markets: Had a higher rate of deletions, with 18-23% of reports including deletions in 2005-2007.
• Developing Countries: Had a moderate rate of deletions, with 2-8% of reports including deletions.
• Africa: The percentage of reports with deletions increased slightly, with a notable number of exchange rate-related deletions.
• Asia: Deletion rates were low, with only 6% of reports having deletions in 2005.
• Central and Eastern Europe: Had a higher deletion rate, with 10-26% of reports including deletions.
• Middle East: Deletion rates were low, with only 0-22% of reports having deletions.
• Western Hemisphere: Had the highest deletion rate, with 15-23% of reports including deletions.

IV. Publication Behavior of Members Over the Past Two Years

Table 5 lists members that have published all Article IV/UFR Staff Reports and all Article IV PINs and UFR Chairman's Statements from 2005 to 2007. The list includes 132 countries (135 in total) that met the criteria, covering a range of regions including:

• Africa: Countries like Afghanistan, the Gambia, and New Zealand are included.
• Asia: Countries such as China, Indonesia, and Vietnam are noted.
• Europe: Countries like Austria, Belgium, and France are listed.
• Americas: Countries including Canada, Chile, and the United States are included.
• Other Regions: Countries like the Middle East, CIS, and Mongolia are also represented.

The report emphasizes that the data reflects the publication status up to December 2007 and does not include any consent received after that date. It also notes that the Bahamas, Fiji, Montenegro, Nigeria, Qatar, Somalia, and Venezuela had some discussions but not all reports published.