2009年-IMF国际货币组织全球_Key_Trends_in_the_Implementation_of_the_Fund39s_Transparency_Policy_8页_343kb

Summary of Key Trends in Implementation of the IMF's Transparency Policy

Core Content

This document provides an analysis of the implementation trends of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) transparency policy from 2006 to 2008. It includes data on publication rates, lags between Board consideration and publication, use of deletions in reports, and publication behavior of member countries over the past two years. The report is prepared by the Strategy, Policy, and Review Department and approved by Tessa van der Willigen.

Main Points

I. Trends in Publication Rates

• Publication Rates Overview: The report tracks the percentage of various types of documents published by the end of the calendar year following Board consideration.
• Key Document Types:
  • Article IV and UFR Staff Reports: 85% in 2006, 83% in 2007, and 87% in 2008.
  • Stand-alone Article IV: 83% in 2006, 82% in 2007, and 82% in 2008.
  • Stand-alone UFR: 87% in 2006, 85% in 2007, and 96% in 2008.
  • Article IV Public Information Notices (PINs): 94% in 2006, 93% in 2007, and 97% in 2008.
• Regional Trends:
  • Advanced Economies: 100% publication rate in 2006, 96% in 2007, and 100% in 2008.
  • Emerging Markets: 83% in 2006, 79% in 2007, and 82% in 2008.
  • Developing Countries: 82% in 2006, 81% in 2007, and 87% in 2008.
  • Africa: 82% in 2006, 81% in 2007, and 86% in 2008.
  • Asia: 83% in 2006, 83% in 2007, and 78% in 2008.
  • Central and Eastern Europe: 100% publication rate in all years.
  • CIS and Mongolia: 85% in 2006, 94% in 2007, and 93% in 2008.
  • Middle East: 64% in 2006, 77% in 2007, and 77% in 2008.
  • Western Hemisphere: 70% in 2006, 48% in 2007, and 72% in 2008.

II. Lags Between Board Consideration and Publication

• Lag Analysis: The report examines the average number of days between Board consideration and publication, as well as the percentage of reports with lags exceeding one or two months.
• Key Trends:
  • Article IV and UFR Staff Reports: Average lag reduced from 38 days in 2006 to 32 days in 2008.
  • Emerging Markets and Developing Countries (Africa): Average lag decreased from 43 days in 2006 to 35 days in 2008.
  • Asia: Average lag increased slightly from 45 days in 2006 to 37 days in 2008.
  • Western Hemisphere: Average lag increased from 66 days in 2006 to 54 days in 2008.
  • Countries with Fixed or Crawling Pegs: Average lag decreased from 38 days in 2006 to 29 days in 2008.
  • Other Exchange Rate Regimes: Average lag decreased from 45 days in 2006 to 32 days in 2008.

III. Trends in Use of Deletions

• Deletion Usage: The report tracks the percentage of reports that had deletions, particularly on exchange rate and financial sector issues.
• Key Trends:
  • All Article IV and UFR Reports: 10% in 2006, 11% in 2007, and 9% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Advanced Economies: 8% in 2006, 8% in 2007, and 26% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Emerging Markets: 23% in 2006, 23% in 2007, and 14% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Developing Countries: 7% in 2006, 8% in 2007, and 5% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Africa: 12% in 2006, 12% in 2007, and 7% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Central and Eastern Europe: 26% in 2006, 26% in 2007, and 13% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Middle East: 22% in 2006, 30% in 2007, and 10% in 2008 had deletions.
  • Countries with Fixed or Crawling Pegs: 18% in 2006, 15% in 2007, and 8% in 2008 had deletions on exchange rate issues.
  • Other Exchange Rate Regimes: 9% in 2006, 9% in 2007, and 10% in 2008 had deletions on exchange rate issues.

IV. Publication Behavior of Members Over the Past Two Years

• Members Publishing All Reports: The report lists countries that published all their Article IV/UFR Staff Reports, Article IV PINs, and UFR Chairman's Statements between 2006 and 2008.
• List of Countries:
  • Afghanistan, Albania, Grenada, Guinea, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay
  • Algeria, Guinea-Bissau, Peru
  • Angola, Haiti, Philippines
  • Antigua and Barbuda, Hungary, Poland
  • Australia, Iceland, Portugal
  • Austria, India, Qatar
  • Azerbaijan, Indonesia, Romania
  • Bahamas, Iran, Russian Federation
  • Bangladesh, Iraq, Rwanda
  • Barbados, Ireland, Samoa
  • Belarus, Israel, San Marino
  • Belgium, Italy, Sao Tome & Principe
  • Belize, Jamaica, Senegal
  • Benin, Japan, Serbia
  • Bhutan, Jordan, Sierra Leone
  • Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Singapore
  • Bosnia & Herzegovina, Korea, Slovak Republic
  • Botswana, Kyrgyz Republic, Slovenia
  • Bulgaria, Lao PDR, Solomon Islands
  • Burkina Faso, Lebanon, South Africa
  • Cambodia, Lesotho, Spain
  • Cameroon, Liberia, St. Kitts & Nevis
  • Canada, Libya, St. Lucia
  • Cape Verde, Macedonia, Sudan
  • Central African Republic, Marshall Islands, Suriname
  • Chad, Mauritania, Swaziland
  • Chile, Malta, Sweden
  • Colombia, Micronesia, Switzerland
  • Congo, Costa Rica, Mauritius, Tanzania
  • Cote d'Ivoire, Mexico, Timor Leste
  • Croatia, Monaco, Togo
  • Cyprus, Moldova, Tonga
  • Czech Republic, Mongolia, Trinidad & Tobago
  • Dominica, Montenegro, Tunisia
  • Egypt, Morocco, Turkey
  • El Salvador, Mozambique, Uganda
  • Equatorial Guinea, Namibia, Ukraine
  • Estonia, Nepal, United Arab Emirates
  • Ethiopia, Netherlands, United Kingdom
  • Finland, New Zealand, United States
  • France, Niger, Uzbekistan
  • Gambia, Nigeria, Vietnam
  • Georgia, Norway, Yemen
  • Germany, Pakistan, Zambia
  • Ghana, Palau, etc.

Key Information

• Publication Rates: Generally improved over the period, with the highest rates in advanced economies and Central and Eastern Europe.
• Lags: Reduced in most regions, especially in countries with fixed or crawling pegs.
• Deletions: Used in a minority of reports, with a decline in the percentage of reports with deletions over time.
• Member Behavior: A significant number of countries adhered to the transparency policy by publishing all required reports, although some countries did not have any discussions on Article IV or UFR Staff Reports.

Conclusion

The report highlights the ongoing efforts of the IMF to enhance transparency through regular publication of key documents. While there is a general trend of improvement in publication rates and reduction in lags, the use of deletions remains a concern, particularly in certain regions. The publication behavior of member countries shows a positive development, with many adhering to the policy standards.