世界银行-绿化国家发展金融机构：趋势、经验教训和前进道路（综述）（英）-2023.10-23页_856kb

Greening National Development Financial Institutions: Trends, Lessons Learned, and Ways Forward Summary

Key Importance: National Development Financial Institutions (NDFIs) are crucial for mobilizing trillions of dollars in climate and environmental (C&E) financing, including from private sources, to address global challenges like climate change. Many countries face fiscal and economic constraints, making NDFIs vital for overcoming market barriers and catalyzing private investment in green initiatives, especially in low-income and middle-income countries.

Current Trends:

• The World Bank surveyed 22 NDFIs globally, showing a shift toward green goals, with over 80% adopting C&E objectives and strategies integrated into portfolios.
• NDFIs lead public climate finance, providing about 22% of total global climate funding, but green assets in credit portfolios average below 20%.
• Challenges include unsupportive policies, funding gaps, limited knowledge, and weak C&E risk management and disclosure practices.

Findings and Challenges:

• NDFIs leverage their scale and influence to address market failures, such as long payback periods and high risks, by using blended finance, credit enhancements, and green bonds.
• C&E risks (physical and transition) are often inadequately assessed at portfolio levels, with limited standardized data and methodologies.
• Only a few NDFIs actively track private capital mobilization, hindering progress toward climate targets like the Paris Agreement NDCs.

Recommendations:

• For NDFIs: Strengthen governance and strategy for green finance, develop internal frameworks, enhance pipeline preparation, and use innovative tools like sustainability-linked bonds to boost private capital and manage C&E risks.
• For Authorities and Partners: Provide technical assistance, funding, and supportive policies, such as green taxonomies and regulations, to create an enabling environment for NDFI greening.
• Key Actions: Improve C&E risk disclosures in line with TCFD and ISSB guidance, integrate risk management into operations, and ensure efficient governance to avoid crowding out private investment.

Overall Context: NDFIs play a transformative role in mobilizing finance, but greater focus on C&E objectives, risk disclosure, and policy alignment is needed to achieve global climate goals by 2030. The report highlights the World Bank's support through technical and financial aid to accelerate this process.