2018年4月美国人才市场月刊（英文版）_2页

U.S. Talent Market Summary - March 2018

Core Content Overview

The U.S. labor market showed a slight cooling in March 2018, with employment gains below consensus expectations. Despite this, the overall labor market remained strong, particularly during the first quarter of the year, and continued to exhibit tight conditions.

Key Statistics

• Total employment gains in March: 103,000
• Average hourly earnings: $26.82, representing a 2.7% increase from the previous year
• Unemployment rate: 4.1%, unchanged for the sixth consecutive month
• Labor force participation rate: 62.9%, slightly down from previous months

Main Points

• Employment Growth Slowdown:
  After a strong February with over 300,000 jobs added, March saw a significant slowdown in hiring. The total employment gains for the month were only about half of what was expected, but the first quarter of 2018 still averaged around 202,000 jobs per month, slightly faster than the 182,000 average in 2017.

• Sectoral Trends:

  • Professional and Business Services: Added 33,000 jobs in March.
  • Healthcare: Continued its upward trend, adding 22,000 jobs.
  • Manufacturing: Maintained strong employment gains, adding 22,000 jobs in March and averaging 27,000 per month since October 2017.
    These sectors accounted for approximately 45% of all employment growth in 2018 so far, indicating broad-based demand.

• Labor Market Tightness:
  The unemployment rate remained at 4.1%, suggesting continued labor market tightness. The labor force participation rate edged down slightly, indicating a minor reduction in the number of people actively seeking employment.

• Mid-Sized Companies:
  The ADP employment report indicated that mid-sized companies in the U.S. showed strong hiring momentum, reinforcing the notion that employment growth is not limited to large firms.

Working in Retirement

• Global Trends:
  A significant portion of workers worldwide plan to continue working in retirement. According to a study by Aegon, 57% of workers globally expect to perform some type of work in retirement, with only 33% planning to stop working immediately after retirement.

• Age-Specific Employment Rates:

  • In the U.S., nearly a third (29%) of workers plan to work until age 70 or older.
  • Three percent of workers say they never plan to retire.
  • In 2017, 31% of people aged 65 to 69 were still working, up from 24% in 2000.
  • Among those aged 70 to 74, 19% were employed in 2017, compared to 13% in 2000.

• Reasons for Continuing to Work:

  • Keeping Active: 56% of workers cited the desire to remain active or keep their minds sharp.
  • Enjoying Work: 38% said they enjoy their work.
  • Financial Concerns: 73% of workers mentioned money-related reasons, such as worries about social security, savings, and benefits, as the primary motivator for working in retirement.

Conclusion

While March 2018 marked a slowdown in employment growth compared to expectations, the U.S. labor market remained robust throughout the first quarter. Sectors like professional services, healthcare, and manufacturing continued to drive job creation, and the unemployment rate remained stable. Additionally, the trend of working in retirement is on the rise, with financial concerns being the main driver for many older workers to continue their careers beyond traditional retirement ages.