2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___France_110页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: France Summary

Core Content

Doing Business 2017 is a World Bank Group flagship report that evaluates the ease of doing business across 190 economies. It focuses on 11 key regulatory areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation.

The report provides aggregate rankings and distance to frontier (DTF) scores, which measure how close an economy is to the best regulatory practices. The DTF score ranges from 0 to 100, with 100 representing the most efficient practices. The ease of doing business ranking ranks economies from 1 to 190, with 1 being the easiest.

In 2017, the report introduced new features such as gender components in certain indicators and postfiling processes in the paying taxes section. It also included Somalia for the first time, bringing the total number of economies covered to 190.

Key Indicators for France (2017)

Main Areas of Focus

1. Starting a Business

• Rank: 27 (DB2017), 25 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 93.27 (DB2017), 93.14 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 5 (Men), 5 (Women)
• Time: 3.5 days (Men), 3.5 days (Women)
• Cost: 0.7% of income (Men), 0.7% of income (Women)
• Comparison: France ranks better than Belgium, Spain, and the UK, but worse than Germany and New Zealand.

2. Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank: 20 (DB2017), 30 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 79.23 (DB2017), 77.13 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 9
• Time: 183 days
• Cost: 3.0% of warehouse value
• Comparison: France is better than most comparator economies, but not as good as New Zealand.

3. Getting Electricity

• Rank: 25 (DB2017), 20 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 85.78 (DB2017), 85.78 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 5
• Time: 71 days
• Cost: 40.8% of income
• Comparison: France ranks well compared to other European countries but is not among the best performers globally, with Korea leading.

4. Registering Property

• Rank: 100 (DB2017), 91 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 61.09 (DB2017), 63.15 (DB2016)
• Procedures: 8
• Time: 64 days
• Cost: 7.3% of property value
• Comparison: France ranks lower than several comparator economies, including Germany and Switzerland.

5. Getting Credit

• Rank: 82 (DB2017), 78 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 50.00 (DB2017), 50.00 (DB2016)
• Strength of Legal Rights: 4.0
• Depth of Credit Information: 6.0
• Credit Registry Coverage: 46.7%
• Comparison: France ranks lower than several comparator economies, including the UK and Germany, but is better than Italy and Spain.

6. Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank: 32 (DB2017), 30 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 65.00 (DB2017), 65.00 (DB2016)
• Strength of Minority Investor Protection: 6.5
• Conflict of Interest Regulation: 5.7
• Shareholder Governance: 7.3
• Comparison: France ranks lower than New Zealand and Norway but is better than most comparator economies.

7. Paying Taxes

• Rank: 63 (DB2017), 61 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 78.72 (DB2017), 78.83 (DB2016)
• Payments per Year: 8
• Time (hours/year): 139
• Total Tax Rate: 62.8% of profit
• Postfiling Index: 92.4
• Comparison: France ranks higher than many comparator economies, including Italy and Spain, but not as high as the UAE or Luxembourg.

8. Trading Across Borders

• Rank: 1 (DB2017), 1 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 100.00 (DB2017), 100.00 (DB2016)
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 0 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): $0
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 1 hour
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): $0
• Time to Import (Border Compliance): 0 hours
• Cost to Import (Border Compliance): $0
• Comparison: France is among the top performers in this category, with no significant changes in 2017.

9. Enforcing Contracts

• Rank: 18 (DB2017), 18 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 73.04 (DB2017), 73.04 (DB2016)
• Time (days): 395
• Cost (% of claim): 17.4%
• Quality of Judicial Processes: 11.0
• Comparison: France performs better than many comparator economies, including Spain and Italy, but worse than Singapore and Iceland.

10. Resolving Insolvency

• Rank: 24 (DB2017), 24 (DB2016)
• DTF Score: 76.62 (DB2017), 76.09 (DB2016)
• Recovery Rate: 78.5 cents on the dollar
• Time (years): 1.9
• Cost (% of estate): 9.0%
• Strength of Insolvency Framework: 11.0
• Comparison: France ranks higher than most comparator economies, but not as high as Finland or Norway.

Key Findings

• France maintains a high overall ranking (29th) in the ease of doing business, with only a slight decline from 2016.
• The distance to frontier score increased slightly from 76.21 to 76.27, indicating minimal improvements in regulatory efficiency.
• Trading across borders is a strength, with no time or cost for border compliance and the lowest rank (1st).
• Paying taxes is moderately efficient, with a high DTF score but relatively high cost compared to some comparator economies.
• Starting a business and dealing with construction permits are moderately efficient, with France ranking better than many European economies.
• Registering property and getting credit remain areas for improvement, with France ranking lower than several comparator economies.
• Enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency are moderately efficient, but France lags behind some top performers like Singapore and Finland.

Methodology Notes

• The report includes gender components in several indicators, such as starting a business and registering property.
• Postfiling processes were added to the paying taxes indicator, including tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• The report does not include labor market regulation in the aggregate ease of doing business ranking.
• The DTF score measures the absolute distance from best practices, while the ease of doing business ranking reflects relative performance.
• The data is based on comparator economies and best performers for each indicator, enabling cross-country comparisons.