2016年-世界发展银行全球_Doing_Business_Economy_Profile_2017___Peru_106页_1mb

Doing Business 2017: Summary of Peru's Business Environment

Core Content

The Doing Business 2017 report by the World Bank Group provides a comprehensive assessment of the regulatory environment for small and medium-sized businesses in Peru and other economies. It evaluates 11 key areas in the business life cycle, including starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, and labor market regulation. The report includes both rankings and distance to frontier (DTF) scores, offering insights into how easy it is to do business in Peru and how it compares with other countries.

The DTF score is a benchmarking tool that measures the absolute distance of an economy from the best regulatory practices in each area, while the ease of doing business ranking compares economies based on their overall performance. Peru's DTF scores and rankings are used to analyze regulatory improvements and identify areas where reforms are needed.

Key Indicators and Performance

Starting a Business

• Rank (DB2017): 103
• DTF Score (DB2017): 85.01
• Procedures (Men): 6
• Time (Men): 26 days
• Cost (Men): 9.9% of income per capita
• Procedures (Women): 6
• Time (Women): 26 days
• Cost (Women): 9.9% of income per capita
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 99.96)

Dealing with Construction Permits

• Rank (DB2017): 51
• DTF Score (DB2017): 74.70
• Procedures: 14
• Time: 174 days
• Cost: 0.5% of warehouse value
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 87.40)

Getting Electricity

• Rank (DB2017): 62
• DTF Score (DB2017): 79.06
• Procedures: 5
• Time: 67 days
• Cost: 335.5% of income per capita
• Best Performer (DB2017): Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 99.88)

Registering Property

• Rank (DB2017): 37
• DTF Score (DB2017): 76.69
• Procedures: 4
• Time: 6.5 days
• Cost: 3.3% of property value
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 29.0)

Getting Credit

• Rank (DB2017): 16
• DTF Score (DB2017): 80.00
• Procedures: 37.4% of adults
• Time: 260 hours per year
• Cost: 35.6% of profit
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Protecting Minority Investors

• Rank (DB2017): 53
• DTF Score (DB2017): 60.00
• Strength of Legal Rights Index: 8.0
• Best Performer (DB2017): New Zealand (Rank 1, DTF 83.33)

Paying Taxes

• Rank (DB2017): 105
• DTF Score (DB2017): 69.04
• Payments per Year: 9
• Time: 260 hours per year
• Cost: 35.6% of profit
• Best Performer (DB2017): United Arab Emirates (Rank 1, DTF 99.44)

Trading Across Borders

• Rank (DB2017): 86
• DTF Score (DB2017): 71.45
• Time to Export (Border Compliance): 48 hours
• Cost to Export (Border Compliance): USD 460
• Time to Export (Documentary Compliance): 48 hours
• Cost to Export (Documentary Compliance): USD 50
• Time to Import (Border Compliance): 72 hours
• Cost to Import (Border Compliance): USD 583
• Best Performer (DB2017): 10 Economies (Rank 1, DTF 100.00)

Enforcing Contracts

• Rank (DB2017): 63
• DTF Score (DB2017): 60.70
• Time: 426 days
• Cost: 35.7% of claim
• Best Performer (DB2017): Korea, Rep. (Rank 1, DTF 84.15)

Resolving Insolvency

• Rank (DB2017): 79
• DTF Score (DB2017): 45.85
• Recovery Rate: 30 cents on the dollar
• Time: 3.1 years
• Best Performer (DB2017): Finland (Rank 1, DTF 93.89)

Main Points

• Comparative Analysis: The report provides comparative data for Peru against selected comparator economies, enabling a better understanding of regulatory performance and areas for improvement.
• Gender Component: For the first time, the report includes a gender dimension in several indicators, reflecting the different challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in the business process.
• Methodology Changes: The report introduces new metrics such as the postfiling index and expands the paying taxes indicator to include postfiling processes like tax refunds, audits, and appeals.
• Data Sources: Data is current as of June 1, 2016, except for the paying taxes indicators, which cover January–December 2015.
• Regional Context: Peru is ranked 54th in the ease of doing business (DB2017) and is part of the Latin America and Caribbean region, which has a mixed performance across the indicators.
• Limitations: The report does not cover all aspects of the business environment, such as proximity to large markets, infrastructure quality, or institutional strength, which are important but not directly measured.

Key Information

• Region: Latin America & Caribbean
• Income Category: Upper middle income
• Population: 31,376,670
• GNI per capita (US$): 6,200
• DB2017 Rank: 54
• DB2016 Rank: 53 (adjusted for data revisions and methodology changes)
• DB2017 DTF: 70.25
• DB2016 DTF: 70.22
• Change in DTF: +0.03
• Change in Rank: -1

Conclusion

The Doing Business 2017 report highlights that Peru has made slight progress in improving its business environment, as reflected by the small increase in the DTF score. However, it still lags behind many of its comparator economies in several key areas. The introduction of gender-specific metrics and the expansion of the paying taxes indicator provide a more nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, particularly women. Policymakers can use these insights to design targeted regulatory reforms and improve the ease of doing business in Peru.