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UNDP's Commitment to Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs)

Core Content

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been actively partnering with all 32 Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) to transform geographic challenges into development opportunities. From 2014 to 2024, UNDP delivered USD 13.8 billion in support to these countries, enabling country-driven programming that addresses structural constraints and builds resilience. This commitment continues into the next Decade of Action for LLDCs (2024–2034), with a focus on creating sustainable pathways for progress.

Unique Challenges and Potential

LLDCs face significant challenges such as limited sea access, geographic isolation, and elevated trade costs, which are nearly double those of coastal nations. These countries are also more vulnerable to desertification, droughts, and ecosystem degradation. However, they possess strategic potential as regional connectors and solutions hubs, especially in the context of evolving global trade and supply chains.

Key Areas of Focus

UNDP's support to LLDCs is aligned with several global frameworks, including:

• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
• The Paris Agreement
• The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

The program focuses on the following key areas:

• Digital Transformation: Promoting inclusive digital development through readiness assessments and partnerships between government, civil society, and the private sector.
• Disaster Risk Reduction: Building resilience to shocks and crises by integrating risk considerations into development processes.
• Climate Action: Supporting nature-positive development and helping LLDCs meet their climate commitments.
• Trade and Regional Integration: Enhancing trade facilitation and connectivity to reduce trade costs and improve competitiveness.
• Financing for Development: Using Integrated National Financing Frameworks (INFF) to align public and private investments with SDG goals.
• Gender Equality and Inclusive Growth: Empowering women-led SMEs and promoting inclusive economic growth.

Case Examples

• Trade Facilitation: In Central Asia, the Aid for Trade program has supported Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan in developing inclusive trade policies and enhancing economic competitiveness.
• SME Development: The ABADEI programme in Afghanistan provides financing and capacity building to 75,000 women-led SMEs, including women-only market days.
• Digital Transformation: Countries like Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, and North Macedonia are advancing digital readiness through assessments and coordinated investments.
• Climate Action: Rwanda is implementing e-mobility initiatives, aiming to retrofit 30,000 motorcycles to be carbon neutral by 2025.
• Disaster Resilience: In South Sudan, the National Coordination and Operations Center (NCOC) was established to improve disaster preparedness and response management.

Policy Options for the Future

To improve development prospects, LLDCs should focus on the following integrated actions:

1. Deepening Regional Integration: Promoting South-South trade, which is growing at 6% annually, as an alternative to global trade contraction.
2. Digital and Physical Connectivity: Investing in port facilities, border systems, and digital infrastructure to reduce transaction costs and enhance global competitiveness.
3. Economic Diversification and Supply Chain Strengthening: Developing special economic zones, industrial parks, and leveraging global supply chains to foster new growth sectors and job creation.

The Awaza Programme of Action

The Awaza Programme of Action provides a roadmap for LLDCs to take integrated and deliberate steps during the current global rebalancing process. It emphasizes export market expansion, economic diversification, and long-term development outcomes.

The Power of Partnerships

The Decade of Action for LLDCs (2024–2034) will rely on sustained partnerships to turn structural constraints into development opportunities. UNDP's core funding allows for flexible and responsive programming, adapting to new opportunities and challenges.

Conclusion

UNDP remains committed to supporting LLDCs in their journey towards inclusive and sustainable growth, leveraging partnerships and innovative approaches to address their unique challenges and unlock their potential.