英文_世界银行_利用2021年购买力平价和新的消费数据重新审视全球贫困_68页_2mb

Global Poverty Revisited Using 2021 PPPs and New Data on Consumption

World Bank researchers updated the international poverty line from $1.90 to $2.10 (in 2017 PPPs) and to $3.00 (in 2021 PPPs). The changes were driven by two main factors: upward revisions of national poverty lines in low-income countries and updates to the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) data.

The methodology relied on more comprehensive household consumption surveys and improved survey practices, particularly through the Harmonized Surveys on Household Living Conditions program in West and Central Africa. National poverty lines in low-income countries, which underpin the international poverty line, increased substantially (around 40 percent) due to these methodological improvements, which better reflect the cost of basic needs. The same surveys and methodologies used to set national poverty lines also corrected consumption aggregates in many countries, reducing poverty estimates when using an absolute standard.

The key findings are:

• Global extreme poverty increased from 7.9% to 10.5% of the population due to the methodology changes. This represents an additional 125 million people living in extreme poverty.
• The redistribution of poverty increased concentration in Sub-Saharan Africa due to certain countries like India seeing a reduction in measured poverty from more accurate survey methods.
• The updated poverty lines and PPPs reflect the best available data but may affect how progress in the fight against poverty is tracked.

The authors recommend using the most current data when assessing future poverty trends, emphasizing the importance of reproducible research and open access to better measurement.