世界银行-利用2021年购买力平价和新的消费数据重新审视全球贫困（英）-2025.6_68页_2mb

Report Summary

This report analyzes the World Bank's update of global poverty lines using 2021 PPPs and new consumption data, focusing on its impact on extreme poverty measurement.

Methodology and Key Changes

• Poverty Lines: The international poverty line ($2.15 in 2017 PPPs) is updated to $3.00 (2021 PPPs) based on the median of low-income countries' poverty lines. Other lines also increase: $3.65 to $4.20 for lower-middle-income countries, and $6.85 to $8.30 for upper-middle-income countries.
• Drivers: The revision is driven by two main factors: updates to 2021 PPPs and improved survey methods in low-income countries, particularly in West Africa (e.g., EHCMV program), which better capture consumption and raise poverty lines by 40%.

Global Poverty Trends

• Extreme Poverty (2022): The estimate increases by 125 million people, from 7.7% to 10.5% of the global population. The shift is largely due to upward revisions in low-income countries and downward revisions from India's data.
• Geographic Redistribution: Sub-Saharan Africa's extreme poverty share rises to 67% under the new line, while South Asia saw a 126 million reduction in poor people.
• 2030 Projection: The new data suggests extreme poverty prevalence is higher, making the SDG target less achievable.

Methodological Significance

• Data updates, including new PPPs and improved survey methodologies, explain the bulk of the changes. These revisions ensure poverty lines reflect real consumption costs, though older data remains inadequate.

Conclusion

• The updated lines provide a more accurate picture of global poverty, revealing a more severe reality. However, the concentration of poverty in fragile regions and slow progress highlight the challenges in achieving poverty reduction targets.