2002-12-31-世界卫生组织-2003_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Nicaragua_Centro_Managua_1页_39kb

Summary of Nicaragua - Centro Managua GYTS

Methodology

The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) was conducted in Nicaragua's Centro Managua region in 2003, using a two-stage cluster sample design to collect representative data. One thousand ten schools were surveyed, with a school response rate of 100.0% and class response rate of 100.0%. Out of 881 students aged 13-15 participating, the student response rate was 86.4%. Data sources included student responses on five determinants: tobacco access/availability and price, secondhand smoke exposure, cessation efforts, media and advertising, and school curriculum.

Key Findings

• Tobacco Use Prevalence: Among 1,244 surveyed students (ages 13-15), 51.2% had ever smoked cigarettes, with males (13-19 years) at 55.9% and females at 47.4%. Currently, 25.1% use any tobacco product, with males at 30.4% and females at 20.5% currently smoking cigarettes. Additionally, 21.2% currently smoke cigarettes and 9.6% use other tobacco products.
• Initiation Likelihood: 21.3% of never smokers reported likely initiating smoking in the next year.
• Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Exposure: High SHS exposure was noted, with 43.7% living in homes where others smoked, and 54.1% exposed elsewhere. SHS was considered harmful by 71.7% of students, and 83.9% supported banning smoking in public places.
• Attitudes and Knowledge: Two-thirds (66.1%) learned about smoking dangers in school, and 31.9% discussed age-appropriate reasons for smoking. Most students had positive or neutral views: 10.5% thought smoking improves appearance for males if boys smoked, and attitudes were mixed but generally discouraging traditional tobacco use. However, exposure to pro-tobacco media ads was reported: 80.8% saw anti-smoking messages, but 83.2% saw billboard ads, and 74.2% saw ads in newspapers/magazines. Many smokers (60.4%) wanted to quit.
• Access and Determinants: Cigarettes were often purchased in stores without age refusal (77.8% reported this), and nearly 40% had parents who smoked. Current smokers (60.4%) were common among young people. The survey highlighted trends relevant for tobacco control programs, showing high initiation and exposure rates contributing to youth tobacco use.