2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Japan_2021_country_profile_10页_375kb

Japan Tobacco Control Profile Summary (WHO MPOWER Measures, 2021)

Core Content Overview

This document provides an overview of Japan's compliance with the WHO MPOWER measures, which are a set of six evidence-based tobacco control strategies. The compliance scores for each measure are based on the 2021 WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic.

MPOWER Compliance Summary

Compliance Color Key

• Complete measure: Smoking is not permitted in all public places.
• Moderate measure: Some restrictions exist, but not comprehensive.
• Minimal measure: Limited measures in place.
• No policy or weak measure: No significant measures or weak enforcement.
• Not categorized/No data: No data available for this measure.
• YES: Cigarettes became less affordable since 2010.
• NO: Cigarettes did not become less affordable since 2010.
• ↔: No trend change in affordability since 2010.

WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

• Date of signature: 9 March 2004
• Date of ratification: 8 June 2004
• Population: 126,476,458
• Income group: High-income

National Tobacco Control Programme (as of 31 December 2020)

• National government objectives in tobacco control: Yes
• National agency or technical unit for tobacco control: Yes
• Number of full-time equivalent staff: 2
• Government expenditures on tobacco control: Not available

Tobacco Use Prevalence (2018, Adults)

Tobacco Use Prevalence (2017, Adolescents)

Smoke-Free Environments (2020)

• Health-care facilities: Yes
• Educational facilities (except universities): Yes
• Universities: Yes
• Government facilities: Yes
• Indoor offices and workplaces: No
• Restaurants: No
• Cafés, pubs, and bars: No
• Public transport: No
• Other public places: Not applicable
• Law requires fines for smoking violations: Yes
• Fines on establishments: Yes
• Fines on smokers: Yes
• Funds for enforcement: No
• Complaint system with investigation: No

Cessation Programmes

• Toll-free quit line/help line: No
• Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT):
  • Legally sold: Yes
  • Purchased from: Pharmacy without Rx
  • Insurance coverage: Partially
  • Essential drugs list: Yes
• Bupropion:
  • Legally sold: No
  • Insurance coverage: Not applicable
• Varenicline:
  • Legally sold: Yes
  • Purchased from: Pharmacy with Rx
  • Insurance coverage: Partially
• Smoking cessation support availability:
  • Health clinics: Yes in some
  • Hospitals: Yes in some
  • Office of health professional: No
  • Community: Yes in some
  • Other: No
• Insurance coverage for support: Partially in some locations, not applicable in others

Health Warnings on Tobacco Packages (2020)

• Mandatory health warnings: Yes
• Percentage of principal display area: 50% (front and rear combined)
• Health warnings include photos: No
• Health warnings not obscured: No
• Rotating warnings: Yes
• Warnings in principal language: Yes
• Fines for violations: Yes
• Ban on misleading terms: No
• Ban on figurative signs: No
• Ban on flavor descriptors: No
• Ban on quantitative information: No
• Ban on internet sales: No

Advertising and Promotion Bans (2020)

• Direct advertising bans:
  • National TV and radio: No
  • International TV and radio: No
  • Local magazines and newspapers: No
  • International magazines and newspapers: No
  • Billboards and outdoor: No
  • Point of sale: No
  • Internet: No
  • Other direct bans: No
• Promotion and sponsorship bans:
  • Free distribution: No
  • Promotional discounts: No
  • Non-tobacco products identified with tobacco brand names: No
  • Brand names used for tobacco products: No
  • Tobacco brands in TV/films: No
  • Tobacco products in TV/films: No
  • Anti-tobacco ads in visual entertainment media: No
  • Complete ban on sponsorship: No
  • Ban on sponsorship contributions: No
  • Ban on publicizing sponsorship: No
  • Ban on CSR activities: No
  • Tobacco companies publicizing CSR: No
  • Other entities publicizing CSR: No
  • Tobacco companies funding prevention campaigns: No
• Subnational laws on advertising: Not reported

Taxation on Tobacco Products (as of 31 July 2020)

• Price of lowest cost brand (tax inclusive): JPY 420.00
• Price of premium brand (tax inclusive): JPY 510.00
• Taxes on most sold brand:
  • Total taxes: 61.03%
  • Specific excise: 51.94%
  • Ad valorem excise: 0.00%
  • VAT/sales tax: 9.09%
  • Import duty: 0.00%
  • Other taxes: 0.00%
• Affordability:
  • Cigarettes less affordable compared to 2018: Yes
  • Cigarettes less affordable since 2010: Yes
  • % of GDP per capita to buy 100 packs: 1.22%
  • Trend change in affordability since 2010: Yes

Use of Earmarked Tobacco Taxes

• Earmarked for health: No

Supplementary Tax Information

Summary of Key Information

• Japan has signed and ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
• Cigarettes have become less affordable since 2010.
• Smoke-free laws are in place in health-care, educational, and government facilities, but not in offices, restaurants, or public transport.
• Health warnings are required on all tobacco packages, covering 50% of the principal display area, but they do not include photos or graphics.
• There is no national quit line, and only partial insurance coverage for cessation support.
• No comprehensive national anti-tobacco mass media campaign was conducted between July 2018 and June 2020.
• Tobacco advertising is not banned on national TV, radio, or print media, and no direct or indirect advertising bans are in place.
• Tobacco taxation is significant, with taxes accounting for 61.03% of the retail price of the most sold brand.
• There is no data on the use of earmarked tobacco taxes for health purposes.