2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Austria_2021_country_profile_10页_338kb

Austria Country Profile Summary on Tobacco Control Measures (MPOWER)

Core Content Overview

This summary outlines Austria's tobacco control measures as evaluated by the WHO's MPOWER framework, which includes Monitoring, Smoke-Free Environments, Cessation Programmes, Health Warnings, Mass Media, Advertising Bans, and Taxation. Compliance scores range from 0 to 10, with 10 being the highest.

MPOWER Compliance Scores

Main Points of the MPOWER Measures

1. Monitoring Tobacco Use and Prevention Policies

• Nationally representative surveys for adults and adolescents are conducted.
• Prevalence data from the latest survey (2019) show:
  • Adults: Cigarette smoking prevalence is 26.2% overall, with 23.5% daily.
  • Adolescents (14-17): Cigarette smoking prevalence is 25.0% overall, with 14.0% daily.
• Health warnings on tobacco packages are required and cover 65% of the front and rear combined display area for cigarettes, 65% for other smoked tobacco, and 30% for smokeless tobacco.
• Health warnings include photographs, are in the principal language(s), and are not obscured.
• Anti-tobacco mass media campaigns were conducted between 2018 and 2020, but no evaluation was done to assess their impact.
• Comprehensive tobacco control programs are in place, and the campaign used research and tested materials with the target audience.

2. Smoke-Free Environments

• Compliance score: 9.
• Smoke-free laws apply to:
  • Educational facilities (except universities): Yes (9).
  • Restaurants, cafés, pubs, bars: Yes (10 and 9 respectively).
  • Public transport: Yes (9).
• Fines are required for violations of smoke-free laws.
• No compliance score is available for health-care facilities, government facilities, and indoor offices/workplaces.
• Subnational jurisdictions do not have the authority to implement additional smoke-free laws.

3. Cessation Programmes

• Toll-free quit line: Yes.
• Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT):
  • Legal sale: Yes.
  • Purchase location: Pharmacy without prescription.
  • Insurance coverage: Partial.
  • Essential drugs list: No.
• Bupropion:
  • Legal sale: No.
• Varenicline:
  • Legal sale: Yes.
  • Purchase location: Pharmacy with prescription.
  • Insurance coverage: Partial.
• Cessation support is available in some health clinics, hospitals, and community settings, but not fully covered by insurance.

4. Health Warnings

• Health warnings are mandated on all tobacco packages.
• Cigarettes: 65% of the front and rear display area is covered.
• Other smoked tobacco: 65% of front and rear display area is covered.
• Smokeless tobacco: 30% of the front display area is covered.
• Health warnings include specific content and rotating messages.
• Plain packaging is not mandated.

5. Advertising Bans

• Compliance score: 10 for direct advertising bans.
• Direct advertising bans apply to:
  • National TV and radio: Yes (10).
  • International TV and radio: Yes (interpreted as covered).
  • Local magazines and newspapers: Yes (10).
  • International magazines and newspapers: Yes (interpreted as covered).
  • Billboards and outdoor advertising: Yes (9).
  • Internet advertising: Yes.
  • Point of sale advertising: No.
• Indirect advertising bans apply to:
  • Promotional discounts: Yes (10).
  • Non-tobacco products identified with tobacco brand names: Yes (8).
  • Brand name of non-tobacco products used for tobacco products: Yes (9).
  • Tobacco brand appearance in TV/films: Yes (6).
  • Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities: Yes.
• Tobacco vending machines and internet sales are not banned.
• Subnational jurisdictions do not have the authority to implement additional advertising bans.

6. Taxation

• Taxes on the most sold cigarette brand (2020):
  • Total taxes: 74.52% of the retail price.
  • Specific excise: 20.35%.
  • Ad valorem excise: 37.50%.
  • VAT: 16.67%.
  • Import duty: 0.00%.
• Cigarettes became less affordable since 2010.
• Earmarked tobacco taxes for health are not reported.
• Excise taxes are mixed, with a uniform excise tax applied.
• Minimum specific tax is applied in mixed excise regimes.
• Taxation is based on retail price, and price dispersion is 82.46% (cheapest brand price as a percentage of the premium brand price).
• Duty-free cigarette sales are not banned.

Key Information Summary

• Tobacco control is a priority in Austria, with comprehensive policies in place.
• Smoke-free laws are implemented in several key public places, with a compliance score of 9.
• Health warnings are effective, with high coverage and specific content, but plain packaging is not mandated.
• Tobacco advertising is banned on national TV and radio, and some forms of indirect advertising are also restricted.
• Tobacco taxation is high, with 74.52% of the retail price being tax, and cigarettes are less affordable since 2010.
• Cessation support is available, but not fully covered by national health insurance.
• Subnational laws are not allowed to implement additional restrictions on tobacco advertising, promotion, or smoke-free environments.

Conclusion

Austria has implemented effective tobacco control measures, particularly in health warnings, advertising bans, and taxation, contributing to reduced affordability of cigarettes and smoke-free environments. However, there are gaps in cessation support and monitoring data, and subnational jurisdictions are not empowered to impose further restrictions. The country is committed to reducing tobacco use, with strong compliance in several MPOWER areas.