2021-09-30-国际粮食政策研究所-2021年中国与全球粮食政策报告_重新思考后新冠病毒世界的农业粮食体系（英）_97页_22mb

Summary

The 2021 China and Global Food Policy Report provides a comprehensive analysis of China's agrifood systems and policies in the context of post-pandemic recovery, emphasizing sustainable transformation and addressing global challenges. The report synthesizes multidisciplinary perspectives to outline strategies for ensuring food security, mitigating environmental impacts, and fostering inclusive growth.

Key chapters are summarized as follows:

• Rethinking Agrifood Systems for the Post-COVID World: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in global supply chains, with China maintaining resilience through domestic production. Measures include optimizing grain supply, adopting low-carbon technologies, and balancing domestic and international markets to achieve long-term food security and health.

• Transforming Agrifood Systems to Achieve Carbon Neutrality: China’s 2060 carbon neutrality goal requires sectoral emission reductions. Agriculture can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by improving technologies (e.g., fertilizers, livestock management), reducing food loss, and shifting dietary patterns. Integrated policies, such as green subsidies and carbon markets, are recommended to align agricultural development with climate goals.

• Shifting Diets for Health and Environmental Benefits: China’s dietary patterns are evolving toward increased meat and processed foods, contributing to health issues and environmental pressures. Promotion of healthy diets (e.g., Chinese Guidelines, EAT-Lancet recommendations) can reduce diet-related diseases, lower emissions, and enhance nutritional outcomes. Policy interventions include consumer education, subsidies for vulnerable groups, and supply-side adjustments to support sustainable food systems.

• Nonpoint-Source Pollution Control: The "high input–high output" model burdens ecosystems; transitioning to circular agriculture requires reducing chemical inputs, improving waste management, and adopting green technologies. Lessons from China include the Xin’an River ecological compensation mechanism and the need for property rights reforms, financial incentives, and public participation to address pollution effectively.

• E-commerce and Smallholder Transformation: Digital platforms like Taobao and Pinduoduo connect farmers to markets, reducing transaction costs and fostering inclusive growth. Challenges such as the digital divide and income inequality must be addressed in ecosystem-building strategies.

• Agricultural Trade Evolution and Challenges: Post-WTO accession, China shifted to a trade deficit, raising dependencies and competitiveness issues. Recommendations include diversifying imports, enhancing export resilience through branding and quality standards, mitigating external risks, and participating in global governance to ensure stability.

The report concludes that sustainable transformation of China’s agrifood systems is crucial for resilience, environmental protection, and global food security, underpinned by policy integration and technological innovation.