世界银行：2023年全球私人资本参加基础设施投资报告_43页_13mb

Private Participation in Infrastructure (PPI) 2023 Annual Report Summary

2023 saw $86 billion in global investment ($18% decrease YoY from $91.3 billion but slightly above the five-year average $85.5 billion), with 322 projects compared to 260 in 2022. Key highlight: investments peaked in MENA (+104% YoY vs $1.4 billion) and recovered significantly in EAP (+28% YoY vs $43.4 billion) post-pandemic.

Regional Breakdown:

• Top 5 Countries: China ($40.4B, 47%), Brazil ($8.2B, 10%), Philippines ($7.6B, 9%), India ($7.0B, 8%), Peru ($0.6B, 3%). These accounted for ~77% of global PPI.
• Top Performers: MENA (+104%) set post-pandemic records, EAP broke pandemic lows despite YoY decline, EAP leading by volume. Top regions by PPI/GDP: Cabo Verde (7.4%), Lao PDR (6.2%), Bosnia (2.0%).
• IDA Countries: 26 nations received $4.3B (18% YoY increase, 21% below five-year average).

Sectoral Analysis:

• Energy dominated PPI investment, hitting $62.4B (+287% YoY, threefold since 2017) and accounting for~73% of total investment. Renewable energy investments surged, with renewable projects comprising 97% of energy projects, up from the 93% five-year average.
• Transport plummeted YoY (-76%, -69% vs five-year average), primarily due to road project slowdowns in China and India.
• Water & Sanitation declined sharply (-71% YoY), while ICT investment grew ~threefold (+$5.4B) reflecting infrastructure acceleration.

Financing Trends:

• Private financing increased from 50% in 2022 to ~67%, while government funding dropped to 13%.
• Multilaterals (14%) and bilateral financiers increased participation (17 projects received DEFI guarantee support), emphasizing climate-aligned investments in renewables.
• India and Sri Lanka hosted most IDA transactions, reinforcing resilience in LIC/LMIC markets.
• Renewables accounted for~95% of energy projects globally, surpassing fossil fuel investments in capacity both new and old.