2023年世界粮食及农业统计年鉴-英-384页_25mb

Summary of the World Food and Agriculture Statistical Yearbook 2023

Core Content

The World Food and Agriculture Statistical Yearbook 2023 provides comprehensive data and analysis on the economic, production, trade, and environmental dimensions of agriculture globally. It serves as a key reference for policymakers, researchers, and analysts, offering insights into the trends and challenges facing the global food and agriculture system.

Main Chapters and Topics

Chapter 1: Economic Dimensions of Agriculture

• Global Value Added: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing generated USD 3.7 trillion in value added in 2021, up 84% since 2000.
• Regional Contributions:
  • Asia was the largest contributor, accounting for 65% of the world total in 2021.
  • Africa saw the highest growth (150%) in value added, rising from USD 170 billion to USD 425 billion.
  • The Americas and Oceania had increases of 45-46%, while Europe only saw a 19% increase.
• Share in Global GDP: The share of agriculture in global GDP remained stable at around 4% since 2000, but in 2020, it temporarily increased due to the pandemic's impact on other sectors.
• Employment: In 2021, agriculture employed 873 million people globally, representing 27% of the workforce, compared to 1027 million (40%) in 2000.
• Pesticide Use: Pesticide use increased by 62% from 2000 to 2021, with the Americas accounting for 50% of global use in 2021.
• Inorganic Fertilizers: In 2021, 195 million tonnes of nutrients were used in agriculture, with 56% being nitrogen.

Chapter 2: Production, Trade and Prices of Commodities

• Crop Production: World production of primary crops increased significantly, with Asia leading in output.
• Livestock Production: Livestock and livestock commodities also showed growth, with major producers such as China, India, and the USA.
• Fisheries and Aquaculture: The sector saw substantial production, with China and other Asian countries being the top producers.
• Forestry: Roundwood and selected forest products production are detailed, with major producers identified.
• Trade: Food exports and imports are analyzed, with cereals, vegetable oils, and raw sugar being major traded commodities.
• Prices: The FAO Food Price Index and other commodity price indices are presented, showing trends and variations across regions and time.

Chapter 3: Food Security and Nutrition

• Undernourishment: The prevalence of undernourishment varied by region, with Africa and Asia having the highest rates.
• Food Insecurity Levels: Data on food insecurity levels and their distribution by sex and region are provided.
• Dietary Energy Supply: Average dietary energy supply is reported, highlighting regional disparities.
• Protein Supply: Protein supply by origin and region is detailed, showing nutritional trends.
• Nutrition Indicators: Stunting and obesity rates are presented, emphasizing the link between food security and nutrition.

Chapter 4: Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture

• Land Use: Global agricultural land area was 4.79 billion hectares in 2021, down 2% from 2000.
• Cropland Expansion: Asia had the largest share of global cropland (37%) in 2021, with Africa and Oceania showing rapid growth.
• Water Use: Agriculture accounts for a significant share of water withdrawal, with notable data on water stress and usage.
• Emissions: Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems are detailed, with a focus on emissions intensity and the impact of the sector on climate change.

Key Information and Figures

• Disaster Impact: Disasters caused USD 3.8 trillion in crop and livestock losses between 1991 and 2021, averaging USD 123 billion per year.
• Regional Losses: Africa had the highest proportion of losses relative to its agricultural GDP (7.7%), followed by the Americas (7.5%) and Europe (7.2%).
• Healthy Diet Costs: The cost of a healthy diet is highlighted, showing the economic accessibility of nutritious foods.
• Data Sources: Data are collected from national statistical offices and FAO's partner agencies, harmonized for global comparability.
• License and Access: The yearbook is available under a Creative Commons license, allowing non-commercial use with proper attribution.

Additional Features

• Annexes: Include definitions, notes, maps, and data tables for detailed reference.
• Boxes: Provide focused insights on specific topics such as disaster impact, food losses, and the cost of a healthy diet.
• Data Presentation: Conventions are outlined, including the use of asterisks for missing data and specific notations for zero or small values.

Conclusion

The Statistical Yearbook 2023 underscores the importance of agriculture in the global economy and its environmental and social impacts. It emphasizes the need for sustainable practices, resilient systems, and improved data collection to support informed policy decisions. The yearbook is a valuable resource for understanding the current state and future directions of food and agriculture globally.