2021年世界粮食及农业统计年鉴（英）-368页_36mb

Summary of the World Food and Agriculture Statistical Yearbook 2021

Core Content

The World Food and Agriculture Statistical Yearbook 2021 is a comprehensive report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) that provides data and analysis on the economic, production, food security, and environmental aspects of agriculture globally.

Main Chapters and Topics

Chapter 1: Economic Dimensions of Agriculture

• Contribution to the Economy: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing generated a global value added of USD 3.5 trillion in 2019, representing a 73% increase since 2000.
• Regional Contributions:
  • Africa: More than doubled from USD 170 billion to USD 404 billion.
  • Asia: Contributed 64% of the global total, with an 84% increase from USD 1.2 trillion to USD 2.2 trillion.
  • Americas: Increased by 52%.
  • Europe: Increased by 19%.
  • Oceania: Increased by 9%, but declined since 2016.
• GDP Share: The share of agriculture in global GDP remained stable at around 4% since 2000.
• Employment: Agriculture employed 874 million people in 2020, or 27% of the global workforce, compared to 1050 million (40%) in 2000.
• Gender Representation: Women account for a significant share of employment in agriculture, forestry, and fishing, with varying levels across regions.

Chapter 2: Production, Trade, and Prices of Commodities

• Production Trends:
  • Crops: Global cropland area was 1.6 billion hectares in 2019, with Asia having the largest share (38%).
  • Livestock: Meat production includes major items such as beef, pork, and poultry.
  • Fisheries and Aquaculture: Production by species and production mode is detailed.
  • Forestry: Includes roundwood and selected forest products.
• Trade:
  • Food Exports and Imports: Data on food net trade, main categories, and top importers/exporters are provided.
  • Cereals: Cereals exports and imports by main commodities are outlined.
  • Forest Products: Exports and production data are presented.
• Prices:
  • FAO Food Price Index: Shows trends from 2014-2016=100.
  • Farmer Price Changes: Reflects price variations between top and bottom countries.
  • Consumer Inflation: Food price inflation rates by region are detailed.

Chapter 3: Food Security and Nutrition

• Food Security: Prevalence of undernourishment and food insecurity levels are reported by region and gender.
• Nutrition:
  • Dietary Energy Supply: Averages per region and commodity group.
  • Protein Supply: Average protein supply by origin.
  • Malnutrition: Includes stunting in children under 5 and obesity in adults.
• Cereal Dependency: Cereal import dependency ratios are provided for top countries.

Chapter 4: Sustainability and Environmental Aspects of Agriculture

• Land Use: Global agricultural land area was 4.8 billion hectares in 2019, down 3% from 2000.
• Water Use: Agriculture accounts for a significant share of water withdrawal globally.
• Soils and Emissions:
  • Soil Nitrogen Budget: Highlights nitrogen usage and its impact.
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Includes emissions from agricultural land and farm-gate activities.
  • Emissions Intensity: Measures emissions per unit of agricultural commodity.
• Climate Change: Temperature changes by region are presented.

Key Information

• The FAO Statistical Yearbook is a key reference tool for policymakers, researchers, and analysts, providing a global overview of food and agriculture.
• The FAOSTAT platform is the largest statistical database on food and agriculture, with over 20,000 indicators and 2.5 million users annually.
• Data Aggregation: Regional and subregional data are based on the United Nations M49 classification. Aggregations use sum and weighted mean methods.
• Data Presentation:
  • The cut-off date for data is 1 October 2021.
  • Asterisks (*) denote data from the most recent available year.
  • Specific conventions are used for zero values, missing data, and proportions.

Key Figures and Trends

• Agricultural Value Added: Grew by 73% from 2000 to 2019, reaching USD 3.5 trillion.
• Cropland Area: Increased by 4% from 2000 to 2019, with Asia having the largest share.
• Irrigation Area: Reached 342 million hectares in 2019, up 18% from 2000, with Asia leading.
• Pesticide Use: Increased by 36% from 2000 to 2019, plateauing since 2012.
• Inorganic Fertilizer Use: Approximately 190 million tonnes of nutrients in 2019, with 57% nitrogen.
• Employment: 874 million people employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing in 2020.
• Food Insecurity: Prevalence and levels vary by region and gender, with notable data in Africa.

Legal and Licensing Information

• The publication is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence.
• Users must ensure proper citation and avoid implying FAO endorsement of any specific organization or product.
• The FAO logo cannot be used without permission.
• Third-party materials require permission for reuse.
• Commercial use should be requested through the FAO website.

Acknowledgements

• The yearbook was prepared by the Statistics Division (ESS) in collaboration with other FAO divisions.
• Contributions were made by numerous experts and staff members.

How to Use This Yearbook

• The yearbook is structured into four thematic chapters:
  1. Economic dimensions of agriculture
  2. Production, trade, and prices of commodities
  3. Food security and nutrition
  4. Sustainability and environmental aspects of agriculture
• Each chapter provides text and charts to illustrate trends since the early 2000s.
• Data are presented in tables, figures, and maps, with clear conventions for interpretation.