2023-11-09-IMF-包容性政府技术_通过公共服务数字化提高效率和公平_49页_1mb

Inclusive GovTech: Enhancing Equity and Efficiency Through Public Service Digitalization

Inclusive government technology (GovTech) is essential for improving both equity and efficiency in public service delivery. Digital solutions, such as electronic budget payments and e-procurement, have been shown to enhance budget transparency and increase social assistance coverage for the most vulnerable populations, particularly in emerging market and developing countries (EMDEs). These technologies also contribute to reducing business informality, a key driver of inclusion gains.

However, realizing the full benefits of GovTech depends on several factors. Robust digital infrastructure, effective governance reforms, organizational integration, and strong inter-agency coordination are crucial. A centralized GovTech agency plays a key role in maximizing these gains by facilitating coordination and ensuring proper implementation.

The impact of GovTech is not uniform across all economies. Countries with higher digital connectivity and mature GovTech enabling institutions experience more significant positive effects. These include lower informality, better social assistance coverage, and reduced income inequality, especially among the bottom 50th percentile of the income distribution and female workers.

Governments should focus on building comprehensive digital infrastructure, improving digital literacy, and establishing supportive policies to overcome the digital divide. The findings suggest that digitalization in fiscal operations should be accompanied by legal and institutional reforms to ensure inclusive growth and equitable outcomes.