2022-12-14-亚开行-亚开行-在巴基斯坦建立园艺价值链和减少收获后损失（英）_12页_676kb

报告摘要

Building Horticulture Value Chains and Reducing Postharvest Losses in Pakistan

Background: Pakistan's horticulture sector contributes significantly to the economy but faces challenges due to institutional inefficiencies, structural constraints, and high postharvest losses. The value chains for apples, potatoes, and chilies were analyzed to identify key issues and opportunities for improvement.
Key Findings:
- Institutional constraints include weak coordination, poor enforcement of regulations, and inadequate operational efficiency.
- Functional limitations involve inefficient handling, transportation, and storage, leading to significant postharvest losses (e.g., 25% in apples, 20% in potatoes, and 15% in chilies).
- Structural issues are marked by concentrated market power, unsuitable infrastructure, and limited market access, exacerbated by resource shortages and poor logistics.
- Postharvest losses occur primarily at the farm and market levels, driven by factors such as manual practices, inadequate cold storage, substandard packaging, and infrastructure deficiencies.
Recommendations:
- Strengthen institutional frameworks with better coordination, quality standards, and regulatory support.
- Develop and maintain infrastructure, including cold storage facilities, improved roads, and modern transportation systems.
- Promote technological adoption, such as certified seeds, mechanized equipment, and training for labor, to enhance productivity and reduce losses.
- Encourage public-private partnerships for value chain integration, better market linkages, and innovation in postharvest management.
Conclusion: Improving horticulture value chains by addressing constraints and implementing recommendations can reduce postharvest losses, increase profitability, and support socioeconomic development in Pakistan.