2024-10-20-世界银行-萨赫勒地区的人口流动_对社会保护计划和制度的影响（英）_16页_4mb

Population mobility is a key aspect of livelihoods in the Sahel region, driven primarily by economic factors such as job opportunities, with rural-to-urban migration being common due to wage differences. However, mobility also leads to vulnerabilities like poverty, unemployment, social exclusion, and dangers during transit, especially with increased forced migration from conflict and climate change. Internal migration accounts for a significant share of the population in Sahel countries, varying by location and gender, with economic motives predominant but seasonal and family reasons also influencing movement patterns.

Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) programs are essential to address these dynamics by integrating a "mobility lens" to support migrants without excluding them. Key recommendations include:

• At the policy level: Reflect mobility in social protection frameworks, enhance coordination across departments and with humanitarian agencies, and adapt social registries for dynamic updates.
• At the operational level: Modify eligibility criteria to allow for portability of benefits, enable flexible and on-demand registration, and review benefit content and timing for better suitability.

Implications for ASP involve reassessing the delivery chain, including needs-based assessments, enrollment processes, benefit provision, grievance mechanisms, monitoring, and financing to ensure inclusivity and responsiveness to migration patterns. This integration helps safeguard migrants' rights, reduce vulnerabilities, and maximize the potential of population mobility for resilience and economic security.