2024-04-24-世界卫生组织-Syria_Polio_Transition_Snapshot_4页_826kb

Polio Transition in Syria

Background

• Demographics 1: Total population (2022): 22 million; Birth rate (2021): 20 per 1000; Infant mortality rate (2021): 18 per 1000 live births; Under-5 mortality rate (2021): 22 per 1000 live births.
• Financials 2: GDP per capita (2022): $420; Universal Health Coverage Index (2021): 64.
• Key Resources: Syria Strategic Plan on Polio Transition (2021); Eastern Mediterranean Regional Strategic Plan for Polio Transition.

History of Polio Eradication and Transition

• Last indigenous wild poliovirus case in Syria: 1999.
• Outbreaks since 2011: Wild poliovirus outbreak in 2013 and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) outbreak in 2017.
• Strengthened surveillance and immunization efforts post-outbreaks; considered vulnerable to future outbreaks.
• Updated Syria Strategic Plan on Polio Transition in 2021 to integrate polio functions into broader health systems.

Objectives of Transition

• Maintain high polio surveillance sensitivity and outbreak preparedness capacities.
• Strengthen polio laboratory capacity and disease early warning systems.
• Improve routine immunization coverage through mobile activities, with plans to integrate surveillance, immunization, and outbreak response.
• Adopt integrated public health teams approach to sustain essential functions beyond polio eradication.

Risks/Challenges

• Fragile context increases risk if essential functions are not sustained.
• Geographical access challenges in some areas.
• Financial sustainability issues; reliance on external funding currently.

Monitoring and Evaluation

• Utilize a global Polio Transition Monitoring and Evaluation framework with specific indicators.
• Oversight through coordination and oversight committees; defined measurable indicators for success.

Next Steps

• Mobilize secure domestic resources for long-term funding.
• Continue efforts to strengthen routine immunization and emergency response, tailored to local contexts.
• Monitor progress using the framework and adjust strategies based on performance data.