2024-06-26-世界卫生组织-Polio_Transition_Strategic_Outcome_Milestone_Indicators_Q1_2024_44页_707kb

Polio Transition Monitoring & Evaluation: Q1/2024 Summary

Background

The Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) framework for post-2023 polio transition aims to measure country progress toward building resilience and transition readiness. It was developed through technical consultations in 2023, with a baseline year of 2023. The framework includes Strategic Outcomes and Milestones, along with detailed indicators for countries, which are categorized into on-track, at-risk, off-track, and not applicable.

Strategic Outcomes (SOs)

Strategic Outcome 1: National immunization programs systematically reach and immunize everyone with polio and other vaccines. Coverage is suboptimal in most countries, with nine of ten tracked countries below 70% for IPV1/DTP3 coverage. Equity and data quality challenges persist.

Strategic Outcome 2: National surveillance systems rapidly detect and report poliovirus and other diseases. Surveillance sensitivity is weak in over 50% of countries, with poor rates of non-polio AFP cases per 100,000 population and delays in reporting. Laboratory capacity scores are below regional averages.

Strategic Outcome 3: National health emergency systems prepare for and respond to outbreaks. Response timeliness is limited, with delays in outbreak campaigns and high dependency on external partners. No polio outbreaks were reported in some regions.

Strategic Outcome 4: Poliovirus materials are safely contained or destroyed. Biomedical facilities retain vials in some cases, with most countries scoring low on destruction rates. The indicator for retained infectious materials is yet to be fully reported.

Milestones

Milestone 1: Polio essential functions safeguarded by WHO with partner support. Progress is mixed, with high dependency in many countries, particularly in Africa and East Mediterranean regions. Quality of action plans is medium to high, but endorsement and integration vary.

Milestone 2: Development of jointly endorsed action plans. Six countries have not yet government-endorsed plans, with most having medium to high quality scores but outdated plans in some cases.

Milestone 3: National governments manage polio functions within health systems. High external dependency exists, with limited national ownership in most countries except a few like India and Iraq.

Milestone 4: Polio functions funded predictably through national budgets. Countries show low to no budget inclusion for surveillance, with high reliance on external funding in many regions.

Country Progress Overview

• High performer countries: Bangladesh, India, Iraq demonstrate strong progress in immunization and surveillance.
• Challenged countries: Somalia, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Angola, Chad lag significantly, with high rates of off-track indicators and poor milestone achievements.
• Risk countries: Yemen, South Sudan, Sudan face financial and operational risks due to dependency on external support. Nigeria, Pakistan, and Ethiopia show medium risks.
• Overall, 27 countries reported data in 2023, with regional patterns showing that AFRO, EMRO, and SEARO countries generally need enhanced capacity. Funding, surveillance sensitivity, and emergency response are the most critical areas needing improvement.